Mechanisms of viral emergence

A number of virologic and environmental factors are involved in the emergence and re-emergence of viral disease. Viruses do not conservatively occupy a single and permanent ecological niche. Rather, due to their intrinsic capacity for genetic change, and to the evolvability of fitness levels, viruse...

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Author: Domingo, Esteban
Format: article
Publication Date:2010
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/37440
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/37440
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Mutation
recombination
reassortment
quasispecies
virus adaptation
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spelling Mechanisms of viral emergenceDomingo, EstebanMutationrecombinationreassortmentquasispeciesvirus adaptationA number of virologic and environmental factors are involved in the emergence and re-emergence of viral disease. Viruses do not conservatively occupy a single and permanent ecological niche. Rather, due to their intrinsic capacity for genetic change, and to the evolvability of fitness levels, viruses display a potential to parasitize alternative host species. Mutation, recombination and genome segment reassortment, and combination of these molecular events, produce complex and phenotypically diverse populations of viruses, which constitute the raw material on which selection acts. The majority of emerging viral diseases of humans have a zoonotic origin. Sociologic and ecologic factors produce diverse and changing environments in which viral subpopulations have ample opportunities to be selected from intrinsically heterogeneous viral populations, particularly in the case of RNA viruses. In this manner, new human, animal and plant viruses have emerged periodically and, from all evidence, will continue to emerge. This article reviews some of the mechanisms that have been identified in viral emergence, with a focus on the importance of genetic variation of viruses, and on the general concept of biological complexity.Work in my laboratory supported by grants BFU2008-02816/BMC, FIPSE 36558/06, and Fundación Ramón Areces. CIBERehd is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III.Peer reviewedEDP SciencesFundación para la Investigación y la Prevención del Sida en EspañaFundación Ramón ArecesInstituto de Salud Carlos III201120112010info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://hdl.handle.net/10261/37440reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2010010info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/374402026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mechanisms of viral emergence
title Mechanisms of viral emergence
spellingShingle Mechanisms of viral emergence
Domingo, Esteban
Mutation
recombination
reassortment
quasispecies
virus adaptation
title_short Mechanisms of viral emergence
title_full Mechanisms of viral emergence
title_fullStr Mechanisms of viral emergence
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of viral emergence
title_sort Mechanisms of viral emergence
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Domingo, Esteban
author Domingo, Esteban
author_facet Domingo, Esteban
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Fundación para la Investigación y la Prevención del Sida en España
Fundación Ramón Areces
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Mutation
recombination
reassortment
quasispecies
virus adaptation
topic Mutation
recombination
reassortment
quasispecies
virus adaptation
description A number of virologic and environmental factors are involved in the emergence and re-emergence of viral disease. Viruses do not conservatively occupy a single and permanent ecological niche. Rather, due to their intrinsic capacity for genetic change, and to the evolvability of fitness levels, viruses display a potential to parasitize alternative host species. Mutation, recombination and genome segment reassortment, and combination of these molecular events, produce complex and phenotypically diverse populations of viruses, which constitute the raw material on which selection acts. The majority of emerging viral diseases of humans have a zoonotic origin. Sociologic and ecologic factors produce diverse and changing environments in which viral subpopulations have ample opportunities to be selected from intrinsically heterogeneous viral populations, particularly in the case of RNA viruses. In this manner, new human, animal and plant viruses have emerged periodically and, from all evidence, will continue to emerge. This article reviews some of the mechanisms that have been identified in viral emergence, with a focus on the importance of genetic variation of viruses, and on the general concept of biological complexity.
publishDate 2010
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2010
2011
2011
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/37440
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/37440
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2010010
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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