Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts

Saffron spice owes its commercial appreciation to its specific apocarotenoids: crocins, picrocrocin, and safranal. In Crocus sativus, these compounds are biosynthesized from zeaxanthin through oxidative cleavage by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2 (CCD2). Transgenic tomato plants expressing CsC...

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Autores: Lobato-Gómez, M., Drapal, M., Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael, Presa, Silvia, Espinosa, A., Fraser, P.D., Gómez-Gómez, L., Orzáez, Diego, Granell, Antonio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/394558
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/394558
Access Level:acceso abierto
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spelling Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contextsLobato-Gómez, M.Drapal, M.Fernández-Muñoz, RafaelPresa, SilviaEspinosa, A.Fraser, P.D.Gómez-Gómez, L.Orzáez, DiegoGranell, AntonioSaffron spice owes its commercial appreciation to its specific apocarotenoids: crocins, picrocrocin, and safranal. In Crocus sativus, these compounds are biosynthesized from zeaxanthin through oxidative cleavage by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2 (CCD2). Transgenic tomato plants expressing CsCCD2 in the fruit, named Tomaffron, accumulate high levels of saffron apocarotenoids despite the low substrate availability for CsCCD2. In the present study, CsCCD2 has been introduced into Xantomato; this tomato variety accumulates high levels of zeaxanthin and β-carotene in ripe fruit due to a combination of four mutant alleles. Xantomato and Tomaffron genotypes have been combined to optimize apocarotenoid production. The best transgenic lines accumulated 15 and 14 times more crocins and picrocrocin than Tomaffron, alongside a fourfold increase in β-carotene compared to Xantomato, albeit at a cost in fruit yield. Segregation of the four mutations has been carried out to find the best combination for obtaining high levels of saffron apocarotenoids without adverse effects on fruit yield. Plants harboring the high-pigmented 3 (hp3) and BETA (B) mutations accumulated 6 and 15 times more crocins and picrocrocin than Tomaffron, without observable pleiotropic effects. Additionally, those high levels of saffron apocarotenoids were obtained in fruit accumulating high levels of both lycopene and β-carotene independently or in combination, suggesting a regulatory role for the apocarotenoids produced and indicating that it is possible to increase the levels of both types of healthy promoting molecules simultaneously.Peer reviewedJohn Wiley & SonsConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2025202520242025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://hdl.handle.net/10261/394558reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17030Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3945582026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
title Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
spellingShingle Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
Lobato-Gómez, M.
title_short Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
title_full Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
title_fullStr Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
title_full_unstemmed Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
title_sort Maximizing saffron apocarotenoid production in varied tomato fruit carotenoid contexts
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Lobato-Gómez, M.
Drapal, M.
Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael
Presa, Silvia
Espinosa, A.
Fraser, P.D.
Gómez-Gómez, L.
Orzáez, Diego
Granell, Antonio
author Lobato-Gómez, M.
author_facet Lobato-Gómez, M.
Drapal, M.
Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael
Presa, Silvia
Espinosa, A.
Fraser, P.D.
Gómez-Gómez, L.
Orzáez, Diego
Granell, Antonio
author_role author
author2 Drapal, M.
Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael
Presa, Silvia
Espinosa, A.
Fraser, P.D.
Gómez-Gómez, L.
Orzáez, Diego
Granell, Antonio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
description Saffron spice owes its commercial appreciation to its specific apocarotenoids: crocins, picrocrocin, and safranal. In Crocus sativus, these compounds are biosynthesized from zeaxanthin through oxidative cleavage by the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2 (CCD2). Transgenic tomato plants expressing CsCCD2 in the fruit, named Tomaffron, accumulate high levels of saffron apocarotenoids despite the low substrate availability for CsCCD2. In the present study, CsCCD2 has been introduced into Xantomato; this tomato variety accumulates high levels of zeaxanthin and β-carotene in ripe fruit due to a combination of four mutant alleles. Xantomato and Tomaffron genotypes have been combined to optimize apocarotenoid production. The best transgenic lines accumulated 15 and 14 times more crocins and picrocrocin than Tomaffron, alongside a fourfold increase in β-carotene compared to Xantomato, albeit at a cost in fruit yield. Segregation of the four mutations has been carried out to find the best combination for obtaining high levels of saffron apocarotenoids without adverse effects on fruit yield. Plants harboring the high-pigmented 3 (hp3) and BETA (B) mutations accumulated 6 and 15 times more crocins and picrocrocin than Tomaffron, without observable pleiotropic effects. Additionally, those high levels of saffron apocarotenoids were obtained in fruit accumulating high levels of both lycopene and β-carotene independently or in combination, suggesting a regulatory role for the apocarotenoids produced and indicating that it is possible to increase the levels of both types of healthy promoting molecules simultaneously.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/394558
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/394558
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17030
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
publisher.none.fl_str_mv John Wiley & Sons
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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