Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes

The European Union has recently passed the Nature Restoration Law which, among others, seeks to increase the cover of forest reserves protected for biodiversity and, globally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework similarly seeks to expand protected areas. Here we test whether a trade-o...

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Autores: Resco de Dios, Víctor, Schütze, Simon J., Cunill Camprubí, Àngel, Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo, Boer, Matthias M., Fernandes, Paulo M.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/468075
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468075
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Wildfire
Nature conservation
Wildland urban interface
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spelling Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomesResco de Dios, VíctorSchütze, Simon J.Cunill Camprubí, ÀngelBalaguer-Romano, RodrigoBoer, Matthias M.Fernandes, Paulo M.WildfireNature conservationWildland urban interfaceThe European Union has recently passed the Nature Restoration Law which, among others, seeks to increase the cover of forest reserves protected for biodiversity and, globally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework similarly seeks to expand protected areas. Here we test whether a trade-off exists between protected areas expansion and fire activity, leading to a higher exposure to fire for the population in protected areas, because they often harbor more biomass and occur in remote areas. We analyzed forest fires affecting 14,892,174 ha, and intersecting 10,999 protected areas, across fire-prone European Temperate and Mediterranean forest biomes, and in similar ecosystems within California, Chile and Australia. Protected areas were being disproportionally affected by fire within most Temperate biomes, and fire severity was 20 % higher within protected areas also in Mediterranean biomes. Population in the periphery of forest areas was up to 16 times more likely to be exposed to large wildfires when their environment was within, or near, protected areas. Differences in manageable factors such as fuel loads and road density were primary drivers of the divergence in burned area across protection status, with abiotic factors playing also significant roles. The importance of fuel loads indicates that current plans for expanding strictly protected areas, where no human intervention is allowed, may be particularly problematic from a fire perspective. Wildfire prevention and mitigation must be central goals in the development of conservation/restoration programs to diminish population exposure and fire severity.This work was supported by the Spanish MICINN (RED2022-134156- T, PID2022-138158OB-I00) and it developed after insightful from discussions from all the participants in the ARS22 network. We also acknowledge support from and EU H2020 program (grant agreements 101003890 and 101037419). PMF was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through project UIDB/04033/ 2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/04033/2020). R.B-R was funded by the UNED-SANTANDER grant program. We appreciate the feedback from F Castanares, ˜ who provided inspirational comments, as well earlier discussions with as J Saavedra, M Castellnou and R Dom`enech.Elsevier2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468075reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-138158OB-I00Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669Journal of Environmental Management, 2025, vol. 385, 125669info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003890info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101037419cc-by (c) Víctor Resco de Dios et al., 2025Attribution 4.0 Internationalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/4680752026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
title Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
spellingShingle Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
Resco de Dios, Víctor
Wildfire
Nature conservation
Wildland urban interface
title_short Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
title_full Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
title_fullStr Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
title_full_unstemmed Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
title_sort Protected areas as hotspots of wildfire activity in fire-prone Temperate and Mediterranean biomes
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Resco de Dios, Víctor
Schütze, Simon J.
Cunill Camprubí, Àngel
Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Boer, Matthias M.
Fernandes, Paulo M.
author Resco de Dios, Víctor
author_facet Resco de Dios, Víctor
Schütze, Simon J.
Cunill Camprubí, Àngel
Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Boer, Matthias M.
Fernandes, Paulo M.
author_role author
author2 Schütze, Simon J.
Cunill Camprubí, Àngel
Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo
Boer, Matthias M.
Fernandes, Paulo M.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Wildfire
Nature conservation
Wildland urban interface
topic Wildfire
Nature conservation
Wildland urban interface
description The European Union has recently passed the Nature Restoration Law which, among others, seeks to increase the cover of forest reserves protected for biodiversity and, globally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework similarly seeks to expand protected areas. Here we test whether a trade-off exists between protected areas expansion and fire activity, leading to a higher exposure to fire for the population in protected areas, because they often harbor more biomass and occur in remote areas. We analyzed forest fires affecting 14,892,174 ha, and intersecting 10,999 protected areas, across fire-prone European Temperate and Mediterranean forest biomes, and in similar ecosystems within California, Chile and Australia. Protected areas were being disproportionally affected by fire within most Temperate biomes, and fire severity was 20 % higher within protected areas also in Mediterranean biomes. Population in the periphery of forest areas was up to 16 times more likely to be exposed to large wildfires when their environment was within, or near, protected areas. Differences in manageable factors such as fuel loads and road density were primary drivers of the divergence in burned area across protection status, with abiotic factors playing also significant roles. The importance of fuel loads indicates that current plans for expanding strictly protected areas, where no human intervention is allowed, may be particularly problematic from a fire perspective. Wildfire prevention and mitigation must be central goals in the development of conservation/restoration programs to diminish population exposure and fire severity.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468075
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468075
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-138158OB-I00
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125669
Journal of Environmental Management, 2025, vol. 385, 125669
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003890
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101037419
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Víctor Resco de Dios et al., 2025
Attribution 4.0 International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Víctor Resco de Dios et al., 2025
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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