Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent bacteria in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Multidrug-resistant strain emergence, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), highlights the need for alternative treatments. Objectives: This study investigates the antimicrobial pro...

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Autores: Clusa, Laura, Latorre-Millán, Miriam, Milagro, Ana María, Tristancho-Baró, Alexander, López-Calleja, Ana Isabel, García-Lechuz, Juan Manuel, Fortuño, Blanca, Villar, Nuno del, Asensio, Mario, Martín Belloso, Olga, Odriozola Serrano, Isabel, Martínez-Beamonte, Roberto, Osada, Jesús, Rezusta, Antonio, Gilabert, Yolanda
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/469771
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Olive leaf extract
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Skin and soft tissue infection
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spelling Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluationClusa, LauraLatorre-Millán, MiriamMilagro, Ana MaríaTristancho-Baró, AlexanderLópez-Calleja, Ana IsabelGarcía-Lechuz, Juan ManuelFortuño, BlancaVillar, Nuno delAsensio, MarioMartín Belloso, OlgaOdriozola Serrano, IsabelMartínez-Beamonte, RobertoOsada, JesúsRezusta, AntonioGilabert, YolandaOlive leaf extractStaphylococcus aureusMRSASkin and soft tissue infectionStaphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent bacteria in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Multidrug-resistant strain emergence, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), highlights the need for alternative treatments. Objectives: This study investigates the antimicrobial properties of olive leaf extract (OLE) and describes an epidemiological profiling of patients with SSTI who may benefit from it. Methods: OLE was tested in two reference strains, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) ATCC 29213 and MRSA ATCC 700699, and in 126 clinical isolates from patients with SSTIs according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 3.12% to 6.25% w/v for MSSA and 1.56% to 3.12% for MRSA. The lethal curve showed a reduction of 6 log10CFU/mL after two hours of incubation. Most of the 126 clinical samples (103 MSSA and 23 MRSA) came from skin lesions, surgical wounds, and ulcers. Over 90% of MSSA strains were resistant to less than five antibiotics, while 82% of MRSA strains were resistant to more than six. Penicillins demonstrated the lowest susceptibility rate (19.8%), whereas linezolid, daptomycin, pristinamycin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, vancomycin, and OLE exhibited 100% susceptibility. No growth was observed for all clinical strains with OLE at ≥6.25% w/v. Conclusions: The findings suggest that OLE could become a promising alternative treatment for skin infections, particularly in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.Laura Clusa holds a postdoctoral contract from Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades) from Unión Europea-NextGeneration EU, grant number Sara Borrell CD22/00152. This research was funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, grant number PID2022-136414OB-I00, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, with funds from the European Union NextGeneration EU Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan, grant number PRTR-C17.I1, Interreg Sudoe Program, grant number NEWPOWER, S1/1.1/E01116, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición as an initiative of FEDER-ICCIII, grant number CIBEROBN, CB06/03/1012, and Fondo Social Europeo-Gobierno de Aragón, grant number research groups: B10_23R, B16_23R, and B59_23D.MDPI2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/AEI/10.13039Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358Pharmaceuticals, 2025, vol. 18, núm. 9, p. 1-18cc-by (c) Clusa et al., 2025Attribution 4.0 Internationalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/4697712026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
title Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
spellingShingle Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
Clusa, Laura
Olive leaf extract
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Skin and soft tissue infection
title_short Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
title_full Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
title_fullStr Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
title_sort Antimicrobial activity and potential of olive leaf extract as a topical agent to combat staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains: an in vitro evaluation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Clusa, Laura
Latorre-Millán, Miriam
Milagro, Ana María
Tristancho-Baró, Alexander
López-Calleja, Ana Isabel
García-Lechuz, Juan Manuel
Fortuño, Blanca
Villar, Nuno del
Asensio, Mario
Martín Belloso, Olga
Odriozola Serrano, Isabel
Martínez-Beamonte, Roberto
Osada, Jesús
Rezusta, Antonio
Gilabert, Yolanda
author Clusa, Laura
author_facet Clusa, Laura
Latorre-Millán, Miriam
Milagro, Ana María
Tristancho-Baró, Alexander
López-Calleja, Ana Isabel
García-Lechuz, Juan Manuel
Fortuño, Blanca
Villar, Nuno del
Asensio, Mario
Martín Belloso, Olga
Odriozola Serrano, Isabel
Martínez-Beamonte, Roberto
Osada, Jesús
Rezusta, Antonio
Gilabert, Yolanda
author_role author
author2 Latorre-Millán, Miriam
Milagro, Ana María
Tristancho-Baró, Alexander
López-Calleja, Ana Isabel
García-Lechuz, Juan Manuel
Fortuño, Blanca
Villar, Nuno del
Asensio, Mario
Martín Belloso, Olga
Odriozola Serrano, Isabel
Martínez-Beamonte, Roberto
Osada, Jesús
Rezusta, Antonio
Gilabert, Yolanda
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Olive leaf extract
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Skin and soft tissue infection
topic Olive leaf extract
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Skin and soft tissue infection
description Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent bacteria in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Multidrug-resistant strain emergence, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), highlights the need for alternative treatments. Objectives: This study investigates the antimicrobial properties of olive leaf extract (OLE) and describes an epidemiological profiling of patients with SSTI who may benefit from it. Methods: OLE was tested in two reference strains, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) ATCC 29213 and MRSA ATCC 700699, and in 126 clinical isolates from patients with SSTIs according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 3.12% to 6.25% w/v for MSSA and 1.56% to 3.12% for MRSA. The lethal curve showed a reduction of 6 log10CFU/mL after two hours of incubation. Most of the 126 clinical samples (103 MSSA and 23 MRSA) came from skin lesions, surgical wounds, and ulcers. Over 90% of MSSA strains were resistant to less than five antibiotics, while 82% of MRSA strains were resistant to more than six. Penicillins demonstrated the lowest susceptibility rate (19.8%), whereas linezolid, daptomycin, pristinamycin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, teicoplanin, vancomycin, and OLE exhibited 100% susceptibility. No growth was observed for all clinical strains with OLE at ≥6.25% w/v. Conclusions: The findings suggest that OLE could become a promising alternative treatment for skin infections, particularly in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771
url https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469771
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MCIN/AEI/10.13039
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18091358
Pharmaceuticals, 2025, vol. 18, núm. 9, p. 1-18
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Clusa et al., 2025
Attribution 4.0 International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Clusa et al., 2025
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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