Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle

Since the 1970s, ferromagnetic minerals were believed to be absent in the Earth’s mantle and, even if present, the temperatures were considered too high for such phases to carry magnetic remanence. However, new experimental data, measurements on mantle xenoliths and an improved understanding of long...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ferre, Eric C., Kupenko, Ilya, Martín Hernández, Fátima, Ravat, Dhananjay, Sánchez Valle, Carmen
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/114087
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/114087
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:550.3
Wavelength aeromagnetic anomalies
Rich multiphase inclusions
Geomagnetic axial dipole
Curie-temperature
Uppermost mantle
Transition zone
Lower crust
Remanent magnetization
Metasomatic origin
Spectral analysis
Geofísica
25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio
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spelling Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantleFerre, Eric C.Kupenko, IlyaMartín Hernández, FátimaRavat, DhananjaySánchez Valle, Carmen550.3Wavelength aeromagnetic anomaliesRich multiphase inclusionsGeomagnetic axial dipoleCurie-temperatureUppermost mantleTransition zoneLower crustRemanent magnetizationMetasomatic originSpectral analysisGeofísica25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del EspacioSince the 1970s, ferromagnetic minerals were believed to be absent in the Earth’s mantle and, even if present, the temperatures were considered too high for such phases to carry magnetic remanence. However, new experimental data, measurements on mantle xenoliths and an improved understanding of long-wavelength features in aeromagnetic data require that the magnetization of the mantle be revisited. In this Review, we examine mantle magnetism through the xenolith record, evaluate the latest experimental advances, assess detection methods of deep-seated mantle sources and identify salient, unsolved questions about magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle. Critically, magnetic data on a worldwide collection of mantle xenoliths have revealed that pure magnetite is common in the uppermost mantle (<150 km), particularly in subduction zones and cratons. Furthermore, experiments on haematite and its polymorphs suggest that they could carry a magnetic remanence down to ~600 km, for example, in cold, subducted slabs. Finally, modern spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data confirms that a magnetized layer is present below the crust–mantle boundary in multiple tectonic settings. Future work needs to explore the magnetic minerals in the deepest available mantle xenoliths (150–660 km), in conjunction with experiments on mantle materials at pressures corresponding to these depths.Nature ResearchUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20212021-01-0120212021-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501AOhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/114087reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1140872026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
title Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
spellingShingle Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
Ferre, Eric C.
550.3
Wavelength aeromagnetic anomalies
Rich multiphase inclusions
Geomagnetic axial dipole
Curie-temperature
Uppermost mantle
Transition zone
Lower crust
Remanent magnetization
Metasomatic origin
Spectral analysis
Geofísica
25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio
title_short Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
title_full Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
title_fullStr Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
title_full_unstemmed Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
title_sort Magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ferre, Eric C.
Kupenko, Ilya
Martín Hernández, Fátima
Ravat, Dhananjay
Sánchez Valle, Carmen
author Ferre, Eric C.
author_facet Ferre, Eric C.
Kupenko, Ilya
Martín Hernández, Fátima
Ravat, Dhananjay
Sánchez Valle, Carmen
author_role author
author2 Kupenko, Ilya
Martín Hernández, Fátima
Ravat, Dhananjay
Sánchez Valle, Carmen
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 550.3
Wavelength aeromagnetic anomalies
Rich multiphase inclusions
Geomagnetic axial dipole
Curie-temperature
Uppermost mantle
Transition zone
Lower crust
Remanent magnetization
Metasomatic origin
Spectral analysis
Geofísica
25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio
topic 550.3
Wavelength aeromagnetic anomalies
Rich multiphase inclusions
Geomagnetic axial dipole
Curie-temperature
Uppermost mantle
Transition zone
Lower crust
Remanent magnetization
Metasomatic origin
Spectral analysis
Geofísica
25 Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio
description Since the 1970s, ferromagnetic minerals were believed to be absent in the Earth’s mantle and, even if present, the temperatures were considered too high for such phases to carry magnetic remanence. However, new experimental data, measurements on mantle xenoliths and an improved understanding of long-wavelength features in aeromagnetic data require that the magnetization of the mantle be revisited. In this Review, we examine mantle magnetism through the xenolith record, evaluate the latest experimental advances, assess detection methods of deep-seated mantle sources and identify salient, unsolved questions about magnetic sources in the Earth’s mantle. Critically, magnetic data on a worldwide collection of mantle xenoliths have revealed that pure magnetite is common in the uppermost mantle (<150 km), particularly in subduction zones and cratons. Furthermore, experiments on haematite and its polymorphs suggest that they could carry a magnetic remanence down to ~600 km, for example, in cold, subducted slabs. Finally, modern spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data confirms that a magnetized layer is present below the crust–mantle boundary in multiple tectonic settings. Future work needs to explore the magnetic minerals in the deepest available mantle xenoliths (150–660 km), in conjunction with experiments on mantle materials at pressures corresponding to these depths.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021-01-01
2021
2021-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
AO
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcce
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/114087
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/114087
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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