Chemically activated high grade nanoporous carbons from low density renewable biomass (Agave sisalana) for the removal of pharmaceuticals

Hypothesis: Enlarging the range of viable nanoporous carbon precursors, namely by the acid treatment of low density biomass residues, can overcome issues related with the availability and quality of raw materials that have potential impact on cost and quality grade of the final product. Experiments:...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mestre, A.S., Hesse, F., Freire, Cristina, Ovín Ania, María Concepción, Carvalho, A.P.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/224688
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/224688
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Sisal
Biomass thermochemical conversion
K2CO3 and KOH activation
Nanoporous carbons
Nitrogen adsorption isotherms
Kinetic assays
Equilibrium adsorption data
Pharmaceutical compounds removal
IbuprofenIopamidol
Descripción
Sumario:Hypothesis: Enlarging the range of viable nanoporous carbon precursors, namely by the acid treatment of low density biomass residues, can overcome issues related with the availability and quality of raw materials that have potential impact on cost and quality grade of the final product. Experiments: Nanoporous carbons were prepared following a two-step process: HSO digestion/polycondensation of biomass waste (Agave sisalana, sisal) at temperature below 100 °C and atmospheric pressure to obtain acid-chars that were further chemically activated with KOH or KCO. Selected synthesized nanoporous carbons were tested for the removal of pharmaceutical compounds – ibuprofen and iopamidol – in aqueous solutions. Findings: The structure and density of the acid-chars are highly dependent on the concentration of HSO used in the digestion and polycondensation steps. An adequate choice of the acid-char synthesis conditions, activating agent and contact method allowed to feature nanoporous carbons with specific surface areas ranging from 600 to 2300 m g and apparent densities reaching 600 kg m. The adsorption capacity of a sample obtained by KOH-activation for the removal of micropollutants from water was twice higher than the value attained by a golden activated carbon (Cabot-Norit) commercialized for this specific purpose.