Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications

© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Pavón Moreno, María del Carmen, López-Paneque, Antonio Manuel, Paúl Escolano, Antonio, Gallardo Fuentes, José María, Prieto Ríos, Cristina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/180733
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/180733
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.222
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Molten salt
Corrosion
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Industrial heat applications
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spelling Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applicationsPavón Moreno, María del CarmenLópez-Paneque, Antonio ManuelPaúl Escolano, Antonio Gallardo Fuentes, José MaríaPrieto Ríos, CristinaMolten saltCorrosionThermal energy storage (TES)Industrial heat applications© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Several steel alloys were evaluated for their corrosion resistance in ternary molten salt (NaNO3–KNO3–NaNO2, 53-40-7 wt%) at 400 °C under an air atmosphere, with a focus on thermal energy storage (TES) and industrial heat applications. Alloys A335-P11, SS321, A213-T11, A516-Gr70, and A387-Gr11 were tested using static immersion in accordance with ASTM G31 over exposure periods of 1000, 2000, and 4000 h. Corrosion rates derived from mass loss measurements revealed significant differences among the alloys. SS321 demonstrated the best resistance, with stable chromium-rich oxide scales and rates consistently below 4 μm/year. In contrast, A335-P11 exhibited the highest corrosion rate, with an initial rate of 65 μm/year that decreased to 18 μm/year over time, associated with thick, cracked oxide scales and localized internal attack. The remaining alloys showed intermediate corrosion behavior. SEM/EDS analyses confirmed the critical role of chromium enrichment in improving corrosion resistance. In parallel, mechanical integrity assessments showed no evidence of stress corrosion cracking or severe crevice corrosion, underscoring the predominance of generalized oxidation as the governing degradation mode. These results provide critical insights for predictive corrosion modeling and support the selection of durable materials for reliable, long-term operation in molten salt-based industrial thermal systems, thereby contributing to the transition toward more sustainable high-temperature heat applications.ElsevierIngeniería EnergéticaIngeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del TransporteMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU). EspañaEuropean Union (UE)2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/180733https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.222https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésJournal of Materials Research and Technology, 40, 1092-1104.Pavón Moreno, M.d.C., López-Paneque, A.M., Paúl Escolano, A., Gallardo Fuentes, J.M. y Prieto Ríos, C. (2026). Correction: Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 41, 2365 - 2365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153TED2021- 132216A-I00https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425032910info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1807332026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
title Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
spellingShingle Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
Pavón Moreno, María del Carmen
Molten salt
Corrosion
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Industrial heat applications
title_short Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
title_full Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
title_fullStr Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
title_sort Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pavón Moreno, María del Carmen
López-Paneque, Antonio Manuel
Paúl Escolano, Antonio
Gallardo Fuentes, José María
Prieto Ríos, Cristina
author Pavón Moreno, María del Carmen
author_facet Pavón Moreno, María del Carmen
López-Paneque, Antonio Manuel
Paúl Escolano, Antonio
Gallardo Fuentes, José María
Prieto Ríos, Cristina
author_role author
author2 López-Paneque, Antonio Manuel
Paúl Escolano, Antonio
Gallardo Fuentes, José María
Prieto Ríos, Cristina
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ingeniería Energética
Ingeniería y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU). España
European Union (UE)
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Molten salt
Corrosion
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Industrial heat applications
topic Molten salt
Corrosion
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Industrial heat applications
description © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/180733
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.222
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/180733
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.12.222
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 40, 1092-1104.
Pavón Moreno, M.d.C., López-Paneque, A.M., Paúl Escolano, A., Gallardo Fuentes, J.M. y Prieto Ríos, C. (2026). Correction: Evaluation of corrosion resistance of steel alloys in ternary molten salt: implications for TES and industrial heat applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 41, 2365 - 2365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2026.01.153
TED2021- 132216A-I00
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425032910
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
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