Continent-wide differentiation of fitness traits and patterns of climate adaptation among European populations of Drosophila melanogaster

A particularly well-studied evolutionary model is the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster, a cosmopolitan insect of ancestral southern-central African origin. Recent work suggests that it expanded out of Africa ∼9,000 years ago, and spread from the Middle East into Europe ∼1,800 years ago. During it...

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Autores: Durmaz Mitchell, Esra, Kerdaffrec, Envel, Harney, Ewan, Paulo, Tânia F., Savic Veselinovic, Marija, Tanaskovic, Marija, Tyukmaeva, Venera, Abaurrea Fernandez de Arcaya, Teresa, Aksoy, Cansu, Argyridou, Eliza, Bailly, Tiphaine P. M., Can, Dogus, Cobanoglu, Ezgi, Cook, Nicola, Coskun, Seda, Davidovic, Slobodan, Demir, Ekin, Dias, Tânia, Rasouli-Dogaheh, Somayeh, Duque, Pedro, Eric, Katarina, Eric, Pavle, Erickson, Priscilla, Filipovski, Filip, Fishman, Bettina, Glaser-Schmitt, Amanda, Goldfischer, August, Green, Llewellyn, Janillon, Sonia, Jelic, Mihailo, Kostic, Hristina, Kreiman, Lucas E., Kremer, Natacha, Lyrakis, Manolis, Maistrenko, Oleksandr M., Marti, Sapho-Lou, McGunnigle, Megan, Merenciano, Miriam, Mira, Mário S., Montbel, Vincent, Mouton, Laurence, Mukha, Dmitry V., Murali, Siddharth, Patenkovic, Aleksandra, Protsenko, Oleksandra, Putero, Florencia A., Reis, Micael, Roshina, Natalia V., Rybina, Olga Y., Schou, Mads F., Schowing, Thibault, Selin Senkal, Senel, Serga, Svitlana, Trieu, Virginie, Symonenko, Alexander V., Trostnikov, Mikhail V., Tsybul’ko, Evgenia A., van den Heuvel, Joost, van Waarde, David, Veselkina, Ekaterina R., Vieira, Cristina P., Wang, Xiaocui, Zandveld, Jelle, Abbott, Jessica, Billeter, Jean-Christophe, Colinet, Hervé, Ebrahimi, Mehregan, Gibert, Patricia, Hrcek, Jan, Kankare, Maaria, Kozeretska, Iryna, Loeschcke, Volker, Mensch, Julián, Onder, Banu Sebnem, Parsch, John, Pasyukova, Elena G., Stamenkovic-Radak, Marina, Tauber, Eran, Vieira, Cristina, Wegener, Christian, Hoedjes, Katja M., Zwaan, Bas J., Betancourt, Andrea J., Fricke, Claudia, Grath, Sonja, Posnien, Nico, Vieira, Jorge, Kapun, Martin, Schlötterer, Christian, Schmidt, Paul, Sucena, Élio, González Pérez, Josefa, Bergland, Alan, Ritchie, Michael G., Flatt, Thomas
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/402293
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/402293
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Phenotypic variation
Fitness traits
Population differentiation
Adaptation
D. melanogaster
Europe
Descripción
Sumario:A particularly well-studied evolutionary model is the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster, a cosmopolitan insect of ancestral southern-central African origin. Recent work suggests that it expanded out of Africa ∼9,000 years ago, and spread from the Middle East into Europe ∼1,800 years ago. During its global expansion, this human commensal adapted to novel climate zones and habitats. Despite much work on phenotypic differentiation and adaptation on several continents (especially North America and Australia), typically in the context of latitudinal clines, little is known about phenotypic divergence among European populations. Here, we sought to provide a continent-wide study of phenotypic differentiation among European populations of D. melanogaster. In a consortium-wide phenomics effort, we assayed 16 fitness-related traits on a panel of 173 isofemale lines from 9 European populations, with the majority of traits measured by several groups using semi-standardized protocols. For most fitness-related traits, we found significant differentiation among populations on a continental scale. Despite inevitable differences in assay conditions among labs, the reproducibility and hence robustness of our measurements were overall remarkably good. Several fitness components (e.g., viability, development time) exhibited significant latitudinal or longitudinal clines, and populations differed markedly in multivariate trait structure. Notably, populations experiencing higher humidity/rainfall and lower maximum temperature showed higher viability, fertility, starvation resistance, and lifespan at the expense of lower heat-shock survival, suggesting a pattern of local adaptation. Our results indicate that derived populations of this tropical fly have been shaped by pervasive spatially varying multivariate selection and adaptation to different climates on the European continent.

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