Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing

[EN] Purpose - This paper aims to show the mechanical properties of neat polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA with two types of nanoparticles as reinforcement, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT) with and without maleinized linseed oil (MLO) as plasticizer, for applications...

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Autores: Cobos, Christian Mauricio, Garzón, Luis, Ferrándiz Bou, Santiago|||0000-0001-7137-9298, López-Martínez, Juan|||0000-0001-6904-2282, E. Rayón|||0000-0002-0653-2046
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/220733
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/220733
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Additive manufacturing
Carbon nanotubes
Halloysite nanotubes
Polylactic acid
Maleinized linseed oil
Mechanical properties
12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles
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spelling Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturingCobos, Christian MauricioGarzón, LuisFerrándiz Bou, Santiago|||0000-0001-7137-9298López-Martínez, Juan|||0000-0001-6904-2282E. Rayón|||0000-0002-0653-2046Additive manufacturingCarbon nanotubesHalloysite nanotubesPolylactic acidMaleinized linseed oilMechanical properties12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles[EN] Purpose - This paper aims to show the mechanical properties of neat polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA with two types of nanoparticles as reinforcement, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT) with and without maleinized linseed oil (MLO) as plasticizer, for applications in industrial models and the biomedical field, respectively. Design/methodology/approach - This research evaluates the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT nanocomposites, at concentrations of 0.5 and 1Wt.%, with and without MLO plasticizer at a ratio of 5 phr, which were obtained by melting in a twin-screw extruder. The standardized specimens were manufactured on a Tumaker NX Pro 3D printer with pellets instead of filaments. The studies carried out were tensile and flexural tests, Charpy impact test, microhardness and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Findings - Tensile tests revealed that neat PLA has a tensile strength of 50.7 MPa, an elastic modulus of 1366.8 MPa and a stretch factor of 6.9%, while the values of MWCNT and HNT nanocomposites without plasticizer are 50% below these figures. The MWCNTs composites with plasticizer increase tensile strength by about 20% over neat PLA, indicating that the nanomaterials with MLO have better mechanical properties due to the plasticizing effect. Neat PLA showed a flexural strength of 93.83 MPa and a flexural modulus of 2657.51 MPa, respectively. The MWCNTs and HNTs composites without plasticizer reveal a 60% and 30% decrease compared to neat PLA, respectively. In comparison, the composites with plasticizer have no more than 10% variation concerning neat PLA. In Charpy impact tests, neat PLA absorbed 19.75 kJ/m(2 )of the energy in the resilience test. At the same time, MWCNTs nanocomposites without plasticizer show a substantial reduction of about 80%, and those with plasticizer absorbed about 15% less energy. HNTs nanocomposites show similar results to those of neat PLA. FESEM shows different nanocomposite fracture types, distributions and miscibility of nanoloads and plasticizer in the polymer matrix. The 20% increase in tensile strength of MWCNTs composites with plasticizer suggests their potential use for applications requiring durability, such as biomedical devices and structural components. In addition, the improved mechanical properties of the nanomaterials, especially MLO, highlight their viability for the development of conductive polymers in flexible electronics and sensors. Originality/value - This study explores the mechanical response of PLA/HNTs and PLA/MWCNTs nanomaterials obtained by 3D printing. It suggests their potential use as biomaterials in the biomedical field, tissue engineering, and industrial polymeric materials.EmeraldDepartamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y de Materiales Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de los Materiales de la UPVEscuela Politécnica Superior de AlcoyUniversitat Politècnica de ValènciaRepositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet20252025-04-03journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/220733reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valénciainstname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Reconocimiento (by)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:riunet.upv.es:10251/2207332026-06-13T07:49:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
title Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
spellingShingle Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
Cobos, Christian Mauricio
Additive manufacturing
Carbon nanotubes
Halloysite nanotubes
Polylactic acid
Maleinized linseed oil
Mechanical properties
12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles
title_short Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
title_full Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
title_fullStr Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
title_sort Exploring the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT composites obtained by additive manufacturing
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cobos, Christian Mauricio
Garzón, Luis
Ferrándiz Bou, Santiago|||0000-0001-7137-9298
López-Martínez, Juan|||0000-0001-6904-2282
E. Rayón|||0000-0002-0653-2046
author Cobos, Christian Mauricio
author_facet Cobos, Christian Mauricio
Garzón, Luis
Ferrándiz Bou, Santiago|||0000-0001-7137-9298
López-Martínez, Juan|||0000-0001-6904-2282
E. Rayón|||0000-0002-0653-2046
author_role author
author2 Garzón, Luis
Ferrándiz Bou, Santiago|||0000-0001-7137-9298
López-Martínez, Juan|||0000-0001-6904-2282
E. Rayón|||0000-0002-0653-2046
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y de Materiales
 Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de los Materiales de la UPV
Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy
Universitat Politècnica de València
Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Additive manufacturing
Carbon nanotubes
Halloysite nanotubes
Polylactic acid
Maleinized linseed oil
Mechanical properties
12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles
topic Additive manufacturing
Carbon nanotubes
Halloysite nanotubes
Polylactic acid
Maleinized linseed oil
Mechanical properties
12.- Garantizar las pautas de consumo y de producción sostenibles
description [EN] Purpose - This paper aims to show the mechanical properties of neat polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA with two types of nanoparticles as reinforcement, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT) with and without maleinized linseed oil (MLO) as plasticizer, for applications in industrial models and the biomedical field, respectively. Design/methodology/approach - This research evaluates the mechanical response of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT nanocomposites, at concentrations of 0.5 and 1Wt.%, with and without MLO plasticizer at a ratio of 5 phr, which were obtained by melting in a twin-screw extruder. The standardized specimens were manufactured on a Tumaker NX Pro 3D printer with pellets instead of filaments. The studies carried out were tensile and flexural tests, Charpy impact test, microhardness and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Findings - Tensile tests revealed that neat PLA has a tensile strength of 50.7 MPa, an elastic modulus of 1366.8 MPa and a stretch factor of 6.9%, while the values of MWCNT and HNT nanocomposites without plasticizer are 50% below these figures. The MWCNTs composites with plasticizer increase tensile strength by about 20% over neat PLA, indicating that the nanomaterials with MLO have better mechanical properties due to the plasticizing effect. Neat PLA showed a flexural strength of 93.83 MPa and a flexural modulus of 2657.51 MPa, respectively. The MWCNTs and HNTs composites without plasticizer reveal a 60% and 30% decrease compared to neat PLA, respectively. In comparison, the composites with plasticizer have no more than 10% variation concerning neat PLA. In Charpy impact tests, neat PLA absorbed 19.75 kJ/m(2 )of the energy in the resilience test. At the same time, MWCNTs nanocomposites without plasticizer show a substantial reduction of about 80%, and those with plasticizer absorbed about 15% less energy. HNTs nanocomposites show similar results to those of neat PLA. FESEM shows different nanocomposite fracture types, distributions and miscibility of nanoloads and plasticizer in the polymer matrix. The 20% increase in tensile strength of MWCNTs composites with plasticizer suggests their potential use for applications requiring durability, such as biomedical devices and structural components. In addition, the improved mechanical properties of the nanomaterials, especially MLO, highlight their viability for the development of conductive polymers in flexible electronics and sensors. Originality/value - This study explores the mechanical response of PLA/HNTs and PLA/MWCNTs nanomaterials obtained by 3D printing. It suggests their potential use as biomaterials in the biomedical field, tissue engineering, and industrial polymeric materials.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-04-03
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/220733
url https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/220733
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento (by)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento (by)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Emerald
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Emerald
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
instname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
reponame_str RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
collection RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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