Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain

Background In June 2022, a case of non-bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was reported in a 10-year-old girl attending a primary school in Barcelona. A second pediatric case from the same school was identified in October 2022, prompting the declaration of a TB outbreak and the initiation of an ep...

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Autores: Prieto-García, R, Millet, JP, Broto, C, Lara, E, Espiau, M, Soriano-Arandes, A, de Souza-Galvao, ML, Jiménez-Fuentes, MA, Domingo, C, Vallverdú, RMV, Saludes, V, Bordoy, AE, Hesketh-Best, PJ, Yagüe, DP, Martró, E, Mestre, LG, Torres, ES, Alguacil, HM, Espinilla, ML, Cardona, PJ, Simón, P, Rius, C
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
Repositorio:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:r-iibsantpa_::681b8869a12a6c314b360569b376044a
Acceso en línea:https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=21559
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:child
contact tracing
disease outbreaks
pulmonary
schools
tuberculosis
whole genome sequencing
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spelling Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, SpainPrieto-García, RMillet, JPBroto, CLara, EEspiau, MSoriano-Arandes, Ade Souza-Galvao, MLJiménez-Fuentes, MADomingo, CVallverdú, RMVSaludes, VBordoy, AEHesketh-Best, PJYagüe, DPMartró, EMestre, LGTorres, ESAlguacil, HMEspinilla, MLCardona, PJSimón, PRius, Cchildcontact tracingdisease outbreakspulmonaryschoolstuberculosiswhole genome sequencingBackground In June 2022, a case of non-bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was reported in a 10-year-old girl attending a primary school in Barcelona. A second pediatric case from the same school was identified in October 2022, prompting the declaration of a TB outbreak and the initiation of an epidemiological investigation.Methods Contact tracing was conducted using the concentric circles approach, targeting household contacts, classmates, and school staff. Tuberculin skin tests were administered and read 72 h later. Whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was performed to identify potential source cases and transmission chains.Results Among 218 individuals screened, 30 TB infections and 4 TB disease cases were diagnosed. The highest prevalence occurred in grades EP4 and EP5 (ages 9-10), with a significantly higher risk compared to other grades. No adult cases linked to the school were identified. Later, a genomic cluster of 15 cases was detected across Catalonia, suggesting a super-spreading event. However, no direct epidemiological link to the school was established.Conclusions This outbreak highlights the challenges of TB detection in pediatric populations and the importance of genomic surveillance in tracing transmission. Despite extensive investigation, the source remains unidentified, underscoring the complexity of TB dynamics in urban settings.FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=21559Frontiers in Public HealthISSN: 22962565reponame:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pauinstname:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:r-iibsantpa_::681b8869a12a6c314b360569b376044a2026-06-14T12:41:47Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
title Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
spellingShingle Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
Prieto-García, R
child
contact tracing
disease outbreaks
pulmonary
schools
tuberculosis
whole genome sequencing
title_short Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
title_full Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
title_fullStr Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
title_full_unstemmed Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
title_sort Tuberculosis outbreak in a pre-primary and primary school in Barcelona, Spain
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Prieto-García, R
Millet, JP
Broto, C
Lara, E
Espiau, M
Soriano-Arandes, A
de Souza-Galvao, ML
Jiménez-Fuentes, MA
Domingo, C
Vallverdú, RMV
Saludes, V
Bordoy, AE
Hesketh-Best, PJ
Yagüe, DP
Martró, E
Mestre, LG
Torres, ES
Alguacil, HM
Espinilla, ML
Cardona, PJ
Simón, P
Rius, C
author Prieto-García, R
author_facet Prieto-García, R
Millet, JP
Broto, C
Lara, E
Espiau, M
Soriano-Arandes, A
de Souza-Galvao, ML
Jiménez-Fuentes, MA
Domingo, C
Vallverdú, RMV
Saludes, V
Bordoy, AE
Hesketh-Best, PJ
Yagüe, DP
Martró, E
Mestre, LG
Torres, ES
Alguacil, HM
Espinilla, ML
Cardona, PJ
Simón, P
Rius, C
author_role author
author2 Millet, JP
Broto, C
Lara, E
Espiau, M
Soriano-Arandes, A
de Souza-Galvao, ML
Jiménez-Fuentes, MA
Domingo, C
Vallverdú, RMV
Saludes, V
Bordoy, AE
Hesketh-Best, PJ
Yagüe, DP
Martró, E
Mestre, LG
Torres, ES
Alguacil, HM
Espinilla, ML
Cardona, PJ
Simón, P
Rius, C
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv child
contact tracing
disease outbreaks
pulmonary
schools
tuberculosis
whole genome sequencing
topic child
contact tracing
disease outbreaks
pulmonary
schools
tuberculosis
whole genome sequencing
description Background In June 2022, a case of non-bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was reported in a 10-year-old girl attending a primary school in Barcelona. A second pediatric case from the same school was identified in October 2022, prompting the declaration of a TB outbreak and the initiation of an epidemiological investigation.Methods Contact tracing was conducted using the concentric circles approach, targeting household contacts, classmates, and school staff. Tuberculin skin tests were administered and read 72 h later. Whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was performed to identify potential source cases and transmission chains.Results Among 218 individuals screened, 30 TB infections and 4 TB disease cases were diagnosed. The highest prevalence occurred in grades EP4 and EP5 (ages 9-10), with a significantly higher risk compared to other grades. No adult cases linked to the school were identified. Later, a genomic cluster of 15 cases was detected across Catalonia, suggesting a super-spreading event. However, no direct epidemiological link to the school was established.Conclusions This outbreak highlights the challenges of TB detection in pediatric populations and the importance of genomic surveillance in tracing transmission. Despite extensive investigation, the source remains unidentified, underscoring the complexity of TB dynamics in urban settings.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=21559
url https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=21559
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
publisher.none.fl_str_mv FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers in Public Health
ISSN: 22962565
reponame:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
instname:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
instname_str Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
reponame_str r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
collection r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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