Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain

Immigration has changed the demographic composition and social structure of many Western European countries, which has increased interest in how immigrants age. This chapter examines the health of immigrants versus Spanish-born for individuals aged ≥30 years old using cross-sectional Spanish data fr...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Solé Auró, Aïda
Formato: capítulo de livro
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/71425
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71425
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82352-7_9
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Immigrant status
Length of residence
Health inequalities
Age groups
Education level
Spain
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spelling Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in SpainSolé Auró, AïdaImmigrant statusLength of residenceHealth inequalitiesAge groupsEducation levelSpainImmigration has changed the demographic composition and social structure of many Western European countries, which has increased interest in how immigrants age. This chapter examines the health of immigrants versus Spanish-born for individuals aged ≥30 years old using cross-sectional Spanish data from 2014 and 2020. I used descriptive and multivariate models to examine the association between migration status and health outcomes (e.g., chronic health conditions, self-perceived health, Global Activity Limitation Indicator, cognitive impairment, smoking, and overweight). In particular, I explored how the association between immigration status and health varies according to age groups and education levels. I further investigated two separate interactions: the interaction between immigration status and education on health and the interaction between immigration status and age on health. My findings support the existence of the healthy immigrant paradox in Spain, wherein both short- and long-term immigrants generally have much better health conditions than Spanish-born. Considering the diversity of the immigrant population in terms of their countries of origin and educational attainment, future research should focus on understanding the role of educational selectivity in contributing to the observed health inequalities among the considered outcomes over the life course.Aïda Solé-Auró obtained financial support for this research from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the program “Generación de Conocimiento” Project LONGHEALTH (PID2021-128892OB-I00; PI: Iñaki Permanyer [CED-CERCA]; Aïda Solé-Auró [Universitat Pompeu Fabra]). This chapter received support from the 2021 SGR 00957 project (PI: Aïda Solé-Auró) founded by the Agency for Management of University and Research Grants (AGAUR).Springer202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPartinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/71425http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82352-7_9reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPFinstname:Universitat Pompeu FabraInglésStanek M, Juárez SP, Requena M, editors. Multidisciplinary perspectives on immigrant health. Cham: Springer; c2025. p. 179-203info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2021-128892OB-I00This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/714252026-06-12T07:21:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
title Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
spellingShingle Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
Solé Auró, Aïda
Immigrant status
Length of residence
Health inequalities
Age groups
Education level
Spain
title_short Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
title_full Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
title_fullStr Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
title_sort Are all immigrants equally healthy? Examining the healthy immigrant paradox across age groups and education levels in Spain
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Solé Auró, Aïda
author Solé Auró, Aïda
author_facet Solé Auró, Aïda
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Immigrant status
Length of residence
Health inequalities
Age groups
Education level
Spain
topic Immigrant status
Length of residence
Health inequalities
Age groups
Education level
Spain
description Immigration has changed the demographic composition and social structure of many Western European countries, which has increased interest in how immigrants age. This chapter examines the health of immigrants versus Spanish-born for individuals aged ≥30 years old using cross-sectional Spanish data from 2014 and 2020. I used descriptive and multivariate models to examine the association between migration status and health outcomes (e.g., chronic health conditions, self-perceived health, Global Activity Limitation Indicator, cognitive impairment, smoking, and overweight). In particular, I explored how the association between immigration status and health varies according to age groups and education levels. I further investigated two separate interactions: the interaction between immigration status and education on health and the interaction between immigration status and age on health. My findings support the existence of the healthy immigrant paradox in Spain, wherein both short- and long-term immigrants generally have much better health conditions than Spanish-born. Considering the diversity of the immigrant population in terms of their countries of origin and educational attainment, future research should focus on understanding the role of educational selectivity in contributing to the observed health inequalities among the considered outcomes over the life course.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format bookPart
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71425
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82352-7_9
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71425
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82352-7_9
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Stanek M, Juárez SP, Requena M, editors. Multidisciplinary perspectives on immigrant health. Cham: Springer; c2025. p. 179-203
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2021-128892OB-I00
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Digital de la UPF
instname:Universitat Pompeu Fabra
instname_str Universitat Pompeu Fabra
reponame_str Repositorio Digital de la UPF
collection Repositorio Digital de la UPF
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