A diffusion-based spatio-temporal extension of Gaussian Matérn fields

Gaussian random fields with Matérn covariance functions are popular models in spatial statistics and machine learning. In this work, we develop a spatio-temporal extension of the Gaussian Matérn fields formulated as solutions to a stochastic partial differential equation. The spatially stationary su...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Lindgren, Finn, Bakka, Haakon, Bolin, David, Krainski, Elias, Rue, Håvard
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/421369
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/421369
https://dx.doi.org/10.57645/20.8080.02.13
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Mathematical statistics
stochastic partial differential equations
diffusion
Gaussian fields
non-separable space-time models
INLA
finite element methods
Estadística matemàtica
Classificació AMS::62 Statistics
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística matemàtica
Descrição
Resumo:Gaussian random fields with Matérn covariance functions are popular models in spatial statistics and machine learning. In this work, we develop a spatio-temporal extension of the Gaussian Matérn fields formulated as solutions to a stochastic partial differential equation. The spatially stationary subset of the models have marginal spatial Matérn covariances, and the model also extends to Whittle-Matérn fields on curved manifolds, and to more general non-stationary fields. In addition to the parameters of the spatial dependence (variance, smoothness, and practical correlation range) it additionally has parameters controlling the practical correlation range in time, the smoothness in time, and the type of non-separability of the spatio-temporal covariance. Through the separability parameter, the model also allows for separable covariance functions. We provide a sparse representation based on a finite element approximation, that is well suited for statistical inference and which is implemented in the R-INLA software. The flexibility of the model is illustrated in an application to spatio-temporal modeling of global temperature data.