A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST
Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed a surprisingly abundant population of faint, dusty active galactic nuclei at z ≈ 4–7. Together with the presence of supermassive black holes at z > 6, this raises questions about the formation and growth histories of early black...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.csic.es:10261/388052 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388052 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85208096011 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Astronomy and astrophysics Astronomy and planetary science |
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A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| title |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| spellingShingle |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST Suh, Hyewon Astronomy and astrophysics Astronomy and planetary science |
| title_short |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| title_full |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| title_fullStr |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| title_sort |
A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Suh, Hyewon Scharwächter, Julia Farina, Emanuele Paolo Loiacono, Federica Lanzuisi, Giorgio Hasinger, Günther Marchesi, Stefano Mezcua, Mar Decarli, Roberto Lemaux, Brian C. Volonteri, Marta Civano, Francesca Yi, Sukyoung K. Han, San Rawlings, Mark Hung, Denise |
| author |
Suh, Hyewon |
| author_facet |
Suh, Hyewon Scharwächter, Julia Farina, Emanuele Paolo Loiacono, Federica Lanzuisi, Giorgio Hasinger, Günther Marchesi, Stefano Mezcua, Mar Decarli, Roberto Lemaux, Brian C. Volonteri, Marta Civano, Francesca Yi, Sukyoung K. Han, San Rawlings, Mark Hung, Denise |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Scharwächter, Julia Farina, Emanuele Paolo Loiacono, Federica Lanzuisi, Giorgio Hasinger, Günther Marchesi, Stefano Mezcua, Mar Decarli, Roberto Lemaux, Brian C. Volonteri, Marta Civano, Francesca Yi, Sukyoung K. Han, San Rawlings, Mark Hung, Denise |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) National Research Foundation of Korea NASA National Science Foundation (US) Suh, Hyewon [0000-0002-2536-1633] Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72] |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Astronomy and astrophysics Astronomy and planetary science |
| topic |
Astronomy and astrophysics Astronomy and planetary science |
| description |
Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed a surprisingly abundant population of faint, dusty active galactic nuclei at z ≈ 4–7. Together with the presence of supermassive black holes at z > 6, this raises questions about the formation and growth histories of early black holes. Current theories for the formation of seed black holes from the death of the first stars (that is, light seeds) and/or the direct collapse of primordial gas clouds (that is, heavy seeds) still lack observational confirmation. Here we present LID-568, a low-mass (7.2 × 106 M⊙) black hole hosting powerful outflows that is observed in an extreme phase of rapid growth at redshift z ≈ 4. This object is similar to other JWST-discovered faint active galactic nuclei populations, but is bright in X-ray emission and accreting at more than 4,000% of the limit at which radiation pressure exceeds the force of gravitational attraction of the black hole (that is, super-Eddington accretion). Analysis of JWST Near-Infrared Spectrograph integral field unit data reveals spatially extended Hα emission with velocities of ~−600–−500 km s−1 relative to the central black hole, indicative of robust nuclear-driven outflows. LID-568 represents an elusive low-mass black hole experiencing super-Eddington accretion as invoked by models of early black hole formation. This discovery showcases a previously undiscovered key parameter space and offers crucial insights into rapid black hole growth mechanisms in the early universe. |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2025 2025 2025 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Publisher's version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388052 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85208096011 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/388052 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85208096011 |
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Inglés |
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Inglés |
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#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-124243NB-C22 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2020-001058-M Suh, Hyewon; Scharwächter, Julia; Farina, Emanuele Paolo; Loiacono, Federica; Lanzuisi, Giorgio; Hasinger, Günther; Marchesi, Stefano; Mezcua, Mar; Decarli, Roberto; Lemaux, Brian C.; Volonteri, Marta; Civano, Francesca; Yi, Sukyoung K.; Han, San; Rawlings, Mark; Hung, Denise; 2025; Supplementary information: A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST; Springer Nature; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02402-9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02402-9 Sí |
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openAccess |
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A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWSTSuh, HyewonScharwächter, JuliaFarina, Emanuele PaoloLoiacono, FedericaLanzuisi, GiorgioHasinger, GüntherMarchesi, StefanoMezcua, MarDecarli, RobertoLemaux, Brian C.Volonteri, MartaCivano, FrancescaYi, Sukyoung K.Han, SanRawlings, MarkHung, DeniseAstronomy and astrophysicsAstronomy and planetary scienceRecent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed a surprisingly abundant population of faint, dusty active galactic nuclei at z ≈ 4–7. Together with the presence of supermassive black holes at z > 6, this raises questions about the formation and growth histories of early black holes. Current theories for the formation of seed black holes from the death of the first stars (that is, light seeds) and/or the direct collapse of primordial gas clouds (that is, heavy seeds) still lack observational confirmation. Here we present LID-568, a low-mass (7.2 × 106 M⊙) black hole hosting powerful outflows that is observed in an extreme phase of rapid growth at redshift z ≈ 4. This object is similar to other JWST-discovered faint active galactic nuclei populations, but is bright in X-ray emission and accreting at more than 4,000% of the limit at which radiation pressure exceeds the force of gravitational attraction of the black hole (that is, super-Eddington accretion). Analysis of JWST Near-Infrared Spectrograph integral field unit data reveals spatially extended Hα emission with velocities of ~−600–−500 km s−1 relative to the central black hole, indicative of robust nuclear-driven outflows. LID-568 represents an elusive low-mass black hole experiencing super-Eddington accretion as invoked by models of early black hole formation. This discovery showcases a previously undiscovered key parameter space and offers crucial insights into rapid black hole growth mechanisms in the early universe.H.S., J.S., E.P.F., B.C.L., M.R. and D.H. are supported by the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Gemini partnership of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the Republic of Korea and the United States. F.L. acknowledges support from the INAF 2023 mini-grant ‘Exploiting the powerful capabilities of JWST/NIRSpec to unveil the distant Universe’. M.M. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the project PID2021-124243NB-C22. This work was partially supported by the programme Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M. S.K.Y. acknowledges support from the Korean National Research Foundation (2020R1A2C3003769, 2022R1A6A1A03053472) and the IBS computing centre for the super-Eddington accretion project. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programme no. 1760. Support for programme no. 1760 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2019.1.01275.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (United States) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M)Peer reviewedSpringer NatureMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)National Research Foundation of KoreaNASANational Science Foundation (US)Suh, Hyewon [0000-0002-2536-1633]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/388052https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85208096011reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-124243NB-C22info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/CEX2020-001058-MSuh, Hyewon; Scharwächter, Julia; Farina, Emanuele Paolo; Loiacono, Federica; Lanzuisi, Giorgio; Hasinger, Günther; Marchesi, Stefano; Mezcua, Mar; Decarli, Roberto; Lemaux, Brian C.; Volonteri, Marta; Civano, Francesca; Yi, Sukyoung K.; Han, San; Rawlings, Mark; Hung, Denise; 2025; Supplementary information: A super-Eddington-accreting black hole ~1.5 Gyr after the Big Bang observed with JWST; Springer Nature; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02402-9https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02402-9Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3880522026-05-22T06:33:51Z |
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