Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)

51 p.-7 fig.-1 tab.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: García-Cárdenas, F.J., Ortíz, María Ángeles, del Valle, José Carlos, Doblas, D., De la Estrella, Manuel, Nieto-Lugilde, D., Pokorny, Lisa, Berjano, Regina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión enviada para evaluación y publicación
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/413177
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/413177
Access Level:acceso abierto
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spelling Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)Running title: Interploidy admixture in polyploid complexesGarcía-Cárdenas, F.J.Ortíz, María Ángelesdel Valle, José CarlosDoblas, D.De la Estrella, ManuelNieto-Lugilde, D.Pokorny, LisaBerjano, Regina51 p.-7 fig.-1 tab.Understanding gene flow between ploidy levels in polyploid complexes is essential for species delimitation and conservation. This study explores evolutionary dynamics in the polyploid complex Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae), comprising three taxa: T. mastichina subsp. mastichina, T. mastichina subsp. donyanae, and the endangered T. albicans. Using Hyb-Seq data, phylogenomics (nuclear orthologs), and population genomics (SNPs), we confirm the section consists of two sister groups with distinct ploidy levels: a diploid and a tetraploid one. The tetraploid group shows low genetic differentiation among its populations, probably indicating rapid expansion across diverse environments. In contrast, the diploid group exhibits more complex genetic structuring, potentially shaped by geomorphology, interploidy introgression, and incipient isolation. Four diploid subgroups (Algarve, Cádiz, Doñana, and Hercynian) are identified, with reticulate evolution. The dense reticulation observed is compatible with incomplete lineage sorting in diploid lineages, due to recent and rapid divergence events. Phylogeographic analyses suggest isolation-by-distance, with two major riverbeds maybe playing a role in shaping genetic differentiation, while interploidy gene flow detected could have facilitated ancient and/or ongoing admixture between diploid and tetraploid lineages, despite geographic isolation. These findings highlight cryptic genetic diversity and emphasise the need for an integrative taxonomy that includes multiple lines of evidence: morphological, cytological, genomic, and ecological. Conservation efforts should prioritise protecting the four diploid subgroups, aided by flow cytometry, since they may harbour critical adaptive potential to both specific habitat types and/or environmental conditions. This work contributes to advancing our knowledge of evolution in polyploid complexes, by combining genomic approaches and highlighting cryptic diversity in Thymus species. Future research should investigate morphometric and chemical data, hybridisation events, divergence times, diversification dynamics, and relationships with other Thymus species to further understand polyploid evolution and its impact on biodiversity.This study is part of the Conserva3 project (TED2021-130133B-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 with funds from the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR. LP benefited from a Ramón y Cajal grant (RYC2021-034942-I) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR.Peer reviewedBioRxivMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)European CommissionGarcía-Cárdenas, F.J. [0000-0002-1503-9552]Ortíz, María Ángeles [0000-0001-5171-8002]del Valle, José Carlos [0000-0001-6023-6208]De la Estrella, Manuel [0000-0002-4484-3566]Nieto-Lugilde, D. [0000-0003-4135-2881]Pokorny, Lisa [0000-0002-2478-8555]Berjano, Regina [0000-0001-8345-7951]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Preprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/413177reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.27.690785Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/4131772026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
Running title: Interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes
title Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
spellingShingle Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
García-Cárdenas, F.J.
title_short Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
title_full Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
title_fullStr Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
title_full_unstemmed Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
title_sort Patterns of interploidy admixture in polyploid complexes: insights from Thymus sect. Mastichina (Lamiaceae)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García-Cárdenas, F.J.
Ortíz, María Ángeles
del Valle, José Carlos
Doblas, D.
De la Estrella, Manuel
Nieto-Lugilde, D.
Pokorny, Lisa
Berjano, Regina
author García-Cárdenas, F.J.
author_facet García-Cárdenas, F.J.
Ortíz, María Ángeles
del Valle, José Carlos
Doblas, D.
De la Estrella, Manuel
Nieto-Lugilde, D.
Pokorny, Lisa
Berjano, Regina
author_role author
author2 Ortíz, María Ángeles
del Valle, José Carlos
Doblas, D.
De la Estrella, Manuel
Nieto-Lugilde, D.
Pokorny, Lisa
Berjano, Regina
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
European Commission
García-Cárdenas, F.J. [0000-0002-1503-9552]
Ortíz, María Ángeles [0000-0001-5171-8002]
del Valle, José Carlos [0000-0001-6023-6208]
De la Estrella, Manuel [0000-0002-4484-3566]
Nieto-Lugilde, D. [0000-0003-4135-2881]
Pokorny, Lisa [0000-0002-2478-8555]
Berjano, Regina [0000-0001-8345-7951]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
description 51 p.-7 fig.-1 tab.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Preprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion
format article
status_str submittedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/413177
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/413177
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.27.690785
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioRxiv
publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioRxiv
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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