Sourdough bread: An alternative for the valorization of carob flour

Carob flour is a promising food ingredient rich in high-value nutritional bio-compounds, but its high sugar content limits its application in traditional bread making, especially given the growing concern over obesity and diet-related health issues among consumers and manufacturers. In this study, w...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Olivieri, Leonardo, Sanmartín, Gemma, Prieto, Jose Antonio, Salvador, Ana, Estruch, Francisco, Blasco-García, Josep, Rández Gil, Francisca
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/411133
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/411133
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105023699957
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Antioxidant capacity
Carob-based bread
Microbial starters
Sourdough fermentation
Sugar reduction
Volatile compounds
Descripción
Sumario:Carob flour is a promising food ingredient rich in high-value nutritional bio-compounds, but its high sugar content limits its application in traditional bread making, especially given the growing concern over obesity and diet-related health issues among consumers and manufacturers. In this study, we evaluated the use of sourdough (SD) initiated with two microbial combinations, Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Sc/Lp) and Kazachstania humilis / L. plantarum (Kh/Lp), as a strategy to improve the technological and nutritional properties of breads containing 10 % carob flour. Both starters established a stable community with adequate acidification capacity (pH 4.20–4.48) and efficient L-lactic acid production. Importantly, fermentation reduced soluble sugars by up to 42 % without compromising polyphenol content or antioxidant capacity. Sc/Lp promoted higher CO<inf>2</inf> release, resulting in larger loaf volumes, while both starters enhanced ester formation in the volatile profile. Despite these changes, breads made with SD showed comparable texture, moisture, and weight to the control. Sensory evaluation confirmed high overall acceptance (scores > 7/9) across all formulations, with no significant differences. Beyond its technological value, this approach contributes to a circular economy by valorizing by-products with high functional potential and reducing reliance on commercial yeast. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate simultaneous sugar reduction and aroma enhancement in carob–wheat breads through the use of defined microbial sourdough starters.