The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood

PURPOSE Human vision has a puzzling stereoscopic anisotropy: horizontal depth corrugations are easier to detect than vertical depth corrugations. To date, little is known about the function or the underlying mechanism responsible for this anisotropy. Here, we aim to find out whether this anisotropy...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio, Herbert, William, Villa Laso, Laura, Widdall, Michael, Vancleef, Kathleen, Read, Jenny C A
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/24386
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24386
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:159.9.07
159.93
617.751-072.7
Stereoscopic anisotropy
Stereoacuity
Visual development
Psicología experimental
Percepción
Optometría
6106 Psicología Experimental
6106.09 Procesos de Percepción
2209.15 Optometría
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/24386
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During ChildhoodSerrano Pedraza, IgnacioHerbert, WilliamVilla Laso, LauraWiddall, MichaelVancleef, KathleenRead, Jenny C A159.9.07159.93617.751-072.7Stereoscopic anisotropyStereoacuityVisual developmentPsicología experimentalPercepciónOptometría6106 Psicología Experimental6106.09 Procesos de Percepción2209.15 OptometríaPURPOSE Human vision has a puzzling stereoscopic anisotropy: horizontal depth corrugations are easier to detect than vertical depth corrugations. To date, little is known about the function or the underlying mechanism responsible for this anisotropy. Here, we aim to find out whether this anisotropy is independent of age. To answer this, we compare detection thresholds for horizontal and vertical depth corrugations as a function of age. METHODS The depth corrugations were defined solely by the horizontal disparity of random dot patterns. The disparities depicted a horizontal or vertical sinusoidal depth corrugation of spatial frequency 0.1 cyc/deg. Detection thresholds were obtained using Bayesian adaptive staircases from a total of 159 subjects aged from 3 to 73 years. For each participant we computed the anisotropy index, defined as the log10-ratio of the detection threshold for vertical corrugations divided by that for horizontal. RESULTS Anisotropy index was highly variable between individuals but was positive in 87% of the participants. There was a significant correlation between anisotropy index and log-age (r = 0.21, P = 0.008) mainly driven by a significant difference between children and adults. In 67 children aged 3 to 13 years, the mean anisotropy index was 0.34 ± 0.38 (mean ± SD, meaning that vertical thresholds were on average 2.2 times the horizontal ones), compared with 0.59 ± 0.55 in 84 adults aged 18 to 73 years (vertical 3.9 times horizontal). This was mainly driven by a decline in the sensitivity to vertical corrugations. Children had poorer stereoacuity than adults, but had similar sensitivity to adults for horizontal corrugations and were actually more sensitive than adults to vertical corrugations. CONCLUSIONS The fact that adults show stronger stereo anisotropy than children raises the possibility that visual experience plays a critical role in developing and strengthening the stereo anisotropy.Universidad Complutense de Madrid20162016-03-0120162016-03-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24386reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/243862026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
title The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
spellingShingle The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio
159.9.07
159.93
617.751-072.7
Stereoscopic anisotropy
Stereoacuity
Visual development
Psicología experimental
Percepción
Optometría
6106 Psicología Experimental
6106.09 Procesos de Percepción
2209.15 Optometría
title_short The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
title_full The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
title_fullStr The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
title_full_unstemmed The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
title_sort The Stereoscopic Anisotropy Develops During Childhood
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio
Herbert, William
Villa Laso, Laura
Widdall, Michael
Vancleef, Kathleen
Read, Jenny C A
author Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio
author_facet Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio
Herbert, William
Villa Laso, Laura
Widdall, Michael
Vancleef, Kathleen
Read, Jenny C A
author_role author
author2 Herbert, William
Villa Laso, Laura
Widdall, Michael
Vancleef, Kathleen
Read, Jenny C A
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 159.9.07
159.93
617.751-072.7
Stereoscopic anisotropy
Stereoacuity
Visual development
Psicología experimental
Percepción
Optometría
6106 Psicología Experimental
6106.09 Procesos de Percepción
2209.15 Optometría
topic 159.9.07
159.93
617.751-072.7
Stereoscopic anisotropy
Stereoacuity
Visual development
Psicología experimental
Percepción
Optometría
6106 Psicología Experimental
6106.09 Procesos de Percepción
2209.15 Optometría
description PURPOSE Human vision has a puzzling stereoscopic anisotropy: horizontal depth corrugations are easier to detect than vertical depth corrugations. To date, little is known about the function or the underlying mechanism responsible for this anisotropy. Here, we aim to find out whether this anisotropy is independent of age. To answer this, we compare detection thresholds for horizontal and vertical depth corrugations as a function of age. METHODS The depth corrugations were defined solely by the horizontal disparity of random dot patterns. The disparities depicted a horizontal or vertical sinusoidal depth corrugation of spatial frequency 0.1 cyc/deg. Detection thresholds were obtained using Bayesian adaptive staircases from a total of 159 subjects aged from 3 to 73 years. For each participant we computed the anisotropy index, defined as the log10-ratio of the detection threshold for vertical corrugations divided by that for horizontal. RESULTS Anisotropy index was highly variable between individuals but was positive in 87% of the participants. There was a significant correlation between anisotropy index and log-age (r = 0.21, P = 0.008) mainly driven by a significant difference between children and adults. In 67 children aged 3 to 13 years, the mean anisotropy index was 0.34 ± 0.38 (mean ± SD, meaning that vertical thresholds were on average 2.2 times the horizontal ones), compared with 0.59 ± 0.55 in 84 adults aged 18 to 73 years (vertical 3.9 times horizontal). This was mainly driven by a decline in the sensitivity to vertical corrugations. Children had poorer stereoacuity than adults, but had similar sensitivity to adults for horizontal corrugations and were actually more sensitive than adults to vertical corrugations. CONCLUSIONS The fact that adults show stronger stereo anisotropy than children raises the possibility that visual experience plays a critical role in developing and strengthening the stereo anisotropy.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016-03-01
2016
2016-03-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24386
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/24386
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300719

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