The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti
Context. The nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti consists of at least three planets, and a fourth tentative signal. The orbital period of each planet is the subject of discussion in the literature due to strong aliasing in the radial velocity data. The stellar activity of this M dwarf...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) |
| Repositorio: | DIGITAL.INTA Repositorio Digital del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:digital.inta.es:20.500.12666/125 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/04/aa36732-19/aa36732-19.html http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/125 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Techniques: radial velocities Stars: individual: YZ Ceti Stars: late-type Planets and satellites: terrestrial planets Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability Planetary systems |
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oai:digital.inta.es:20.500.12666/125 |
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| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| title |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| spellingShingle |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti Stock, S. Techniques: radial velocities Stars: individual: YZ Ceti Stars: late-type Planets and satellites: terrestrial planets Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability Planetary systems |
| title_short |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| title_full |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| title_fullStr |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| title_sort |
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Stock, S. Kemmer, J. Reffert, S. Trifonov, T. Kaminski, A. Dreizler, S. Quirrenbach, A. Caballero, J. A. Reiners, A. Anglada Escudé, G. Ribas, I. Amado, P. J. Barrado, David Barnes, J. R. Bauer, F. F. Berdiñas, Z. M. Béjar, V. J. S. Coleman, G. A. L. Cortés Contreras, M. Díez Alonso, E. Domínguez Fernández, A. J. Espinoza, N. Haswell, C. A. Hatzes, Artie Henning, T. Jenkins, J. S. Jones, H. R. A. Kossakowski, D. Kürster, M. Lafarga, M. Lee, M. H. López González, M. J. Montes, D. Morales, J. C. Morales, N. Pallé, E. Pedraz, S. Rodríguez, E. Rodríguez López, C. Zechmeister, M. Jeffers, S. V. |
| author |
Stock, S. |
| author_facet |
Stock, S. Kemmer, J. Reffert, S. Trifonov, T. Kaminski, A. Dreizler, S. Quirrenbach, A. Caballero, J. A. Reiners, A. Anglada Escudé, G. Ribas, I. Amado, P. J. Barrado, David Barnes, J. R. Bauer, F. F. Berdiñas, Z. M. Béjar, V. J. S. Coleman, G. A. L. Cortés Contreras, M. Díez Alonso, E. Domínguez Fernández, A. J. Espinoza, N. Haswell, C. A. Hatzes, Artie Henning, T. Jenkins, J. S. Jones, H. R. A. Kossakowski, D. Kürster, M. Lafarga, M. Lee, M. H. López González, M. J. Montes, D. Morales, J. C. Morales, N. Pallé, E. Pedraz, S. Rodríguez, E. Rodríguez López, C. Zechmeister, M. Jeffers, S. V. |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Kemmer, J. Reffert, S. Trifonov, T. Kaminski, A. Dreizler, S. Quirrenbach, A. Caballero, J. A. Reiners, A. Anglada Escudé, G. Ribas, I. Amado, P. J. Barrado, David Barnes, J. R. Bauer, F. F. Berdiñas, Z. M. Béjar, V. J. S. Coleman, G. A. L. Cortés Contreras, M. Díez Alonso, E. Domínguez Fernández, A. J. Espinoza, N. Haswell, C. A. Hatzes, Artie Henning, T. Jenkins, J. S. Jones, H. R. A. Kossakowski, D. Kürster, M. Lafarga, M. Lee, M. H. López González, M. J. Montes, D. Morales, J. C. Morales, N. Pallé, E. Pedraz, S. Rodríguez, E. Rodríguez López, C. Zechmeister, M. Jeffers, S. V. |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFISICA DE ANDALUCIA (IAA), SEV-2017-0709 Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS (IAC), SEV-2015-0548 Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737 0000-0002-1166-9338 0000-0003-3929-1442 0000-0002-0460-8289 0000-0002-0236-775X 0000-0003-0203-8208 0000-0002-7349-1387 0000-0003-2490-4779 0000-0002-6689-0312 0000-0002-8388-6040 0000-0003-1930-5683 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT) Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) Junta de Andalucía European Research Council (ERC) Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT) Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Generalitat de Catalunya |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Techniques: radial velocities Stars: individual: YZ Ceti Stars: late-type Planets and satellites: terrestrial planets Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability Planetary systems |
| topic |
Techniques: radial velocities Stars: individual: YZ Ceti Stars: late-type Planets and satellites: terrestrial planets Planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability Planetary systems |
| description |
Context. The nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti consists of at least three planets, and a fourth tentative signal. The orbital period of each planet is the subject of discussion in the literature due to strong aliasing in the radial velocity data. The stellar activity of this M dwarf also hampers significantly the derivation of the planetary parameters. Aims. With an additional 229 radial velocity measurements obtained since the discovery publication, we reanalyze the YZ Ceti system and resolve the alias issues. Methods. We use model comparison in the framework of Bayesian statistics and periodogram simulations based on a method by Dawson and Fabrycky to resolve the aliases. We discuss additional signals in the RV data, and derive the planetary parameters by simultaneously modeling the stellar activity with a Gaussian process regression model. To constrain the planetary parameters further we apply a stability analysis on our ensemble of Keplerian fits. Results. We find no evidence for a fourth possible companion. We resolve the aliases: the three planets orbit the star with periods of 2.02 d, 3.06 d, and 4.66 d. We also investigate an effect of the stellar rotational signal on the derivation of the planetary parameters, in particular the eccentricity of the innermost planet. Using photometry we determine the stellar rotational period to be close to 68 d and we also detect this signal in the residuals of a three-planet fit to the RV data and the spectral activity indicators. From our stability analysis we derive a lower limit on the inclination of the system with the assumption of coplanar orbits which is imin = 0.9 deg. From the absence of a transit event with TESS, we derive an upper limit of the inclination of imax = 87.43 deg. Conclusions. YZ Ceti is a prime example of a system where strong aliasing hindered the determination of the orbital periods of exoplanets. Additionally, stellar activity influences the derivation of planetary parameters and modeling them correctly is important for the reliable estimation of the orbital parameters in this specific compact system. Stability considerations then allow additional constraints to be placed on the planetary parameters. © 2020 ESO. |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 2021 2021 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/04/aa36732-19/aa36732-19.html http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/125 |
| url |
https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/04/aa36732-19/aa36732-19.html http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/125 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
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Inglés |
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EXPLOTACION CIENTIFICA DE CARMENES Y PREPARACION DE LOS PROXIMOS BUSCADORES DE EXOPLANETAS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AYA2015-69350-C3-2-P ENANAS MARRONES Y PLANETAS AISLADOS Y COMO COMPAÑEROS DE ESTRELLAS CONTRIBUCION DE LA UGR A LA MISION ESPACIAL PLATO2.0. FASES B2/C/D ORIGEN Y EVOLUCION DE LAS ENANAS MARRONES Y PLANETAS GIGANTES ESTRUCTURA, PROCESOS Y CLIMA DE LAS ATMOSFERAS DE LA TIERRA Y EXO-PLANETAS From Planet-Forming Disks to Giant Planets info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/ESP2017-87676-C5-2-R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2016-79425-C3-1-P info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/ESP2017-87143-R info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2016-79425-C3-2-P info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/832428 |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International © ESO 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International © ESO 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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EDP Sciences |
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EDP Sciences |
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1869420712137064448 |
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The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Characterization of the nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ CetiStock, S.Kemmer, J.Reffert, S.Trifonov, T.Kaminski, A.Dreizler, S.Quirrenbach, A.Caballero, J. A.Reiners, A.Anglada Escudé, G.Ribas, I.Amado, P. J.Barrado, DavidBarnes, J. R.Bauer, F. F.Berdiñas, Z. M.Béjar, V. J. S.Coleman, G. A. L.Cortés Contreras, M.Díez Alonso, E.Domínguez Fernández, A. J.Espinoza, N.Haswell, C. A.Hatzes, Artie Henning, T.Jenkins, J. S.Jones, H. R. A.Kossakowski, D.Kürster, M.Lafarga, M.Lee, M. H.López González, M. J.Montes, D.Morales, J. C.Morales, N.Pallé, E. Pedraz, S.Rodríguez, E.Rodríguez López, C.Zechmeister, M.Jeffers, S. V.Techniques: radial velocitiesStars: individual: YZ CetiStars: late-typePlanets and satellites: terrestrial planetsPlanets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stabilityPlanetary systemsContext. The nearby ultra-compact multiplanetary system YZ Ceti consists of at least three planets, and a fourth tentative signal. The orbital period of each planet is the subject of discussion in the literature due to strong aliasing in the radial velocity data. The stellar activity of this M dwarf also hampers significantly the derivation of the planetary parameters. Aims. With an additional 229 radial velocity measurements obtained since the discovery publication, we reanalyze the YZ Ceti system and resolve the alias issues. Methods. We use model comparison in the framework of Bayesian statistics and periodogram simulations based on a method by Dawson and Fabrycky to resolve the aliases. We discuss additional signals in the RV data, and derive the planetary parameters by simultaneously modeling the stellar activity with a Gaussian process regression model. To constrain the planetary parameters further we apply a stability analysis on our ensemble of Keplerian fits. Results. We find no evidence for a fourth possible companion. We resolve the aliases: the three planets orbit the star with periods of 2.02 d, 3.06 d, and 4.66 d. We also investigate an effect of the stellar rotational signal on the derivation of the planetary parameters, in particular the eccentricity of the innermost planet. Using photometry we determine the stellar rotational period to be close to 68 d and we also detect this signal in the residuals of a three-planet fit to the RV data and the spectral activity indicators. From our stability analysis we derive a lower limit on the inclination of the system with the assumption of coplanar orbits which is imin = 0.9 deg. From the absence of a transit event with TESS, we derive an upper limit of the inclination of imax = 87.43 deg. Conclusions. YZ Ceti is a prime example of a system where strong aliasing hindered the determination of the orbital periods of exoplanets. Additionally, stellar activity influences the derivation of planetary parameters and modeling them correctly is important for the reliable estimation of the orbital parameters in this specific compact system. Stability considerations then allow additional constraints to be placed on the planetary parameters. © 2020 ESO.This work was supported by the DFG Research Unit FOR2544 "Blue Planets around Red Stars", project no. RE 2694/4-1. CARMENES is an instrument for the Centro Astronomico Hispano-Aleman de Calar Alto (CAHA, Almeria, Spain). CARMENES is funded by the German Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), the European Union through FEDER/ERF FICTS -2011 -02 funds, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Landessternwarte Konigstuhl, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai, Insitut fur Astrophysik Gottingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiologia and Centro Astronomico Hispano -Aleman), with additional contributions by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, the German Science Foundation through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and DFG Research Unit FOR2544 "Blue Planets around Red Stars", the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Wurttemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucia. The authors acknowledge support by the High Performance and Cloud Computing Group at the Zentrum fur Datenverarbeitung of the University of Tubingen, the state of Baden-Wurttemberg through bwHPC and the German Research Foundation (DFG) through grant no. INST 37/935 -1 FUGG. We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades and the European FEDER/ERF funds through projects AYA2015-69350-C3-2-P, AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, ESP2017-87676-C5-2-R, ESP2017-87143-R and the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" and "Maria de Maeztu" awards to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (SEV-2015-0548), Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astrobiologia (MDM-2017-0737), and the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme. This work is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M001008/1 and ST/P000584/1]. J.S.J. acknowledges support by Fondecyt grant 1161218 and partial support by CATA-Basal (PB06, CONICYT). Z.M.B acknowledges funds from CONICYT-FONDECYT/Chile Postdoctorado 3180405. M.H.L. was supported in part by Hong Kong RGC grant HKU 17305618. T.H. acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Framework Program via the ERC Advanced Grant Origins 83 24 28. Data were partly collected with the robotic 40-cm telescope ASH2 at the SPACEOBS observatory (San Pedro de Atacama, Chile) and the 90-cm telescope at Sierra Nevada Observatory (Granada, Spain) both operated by the Instituto de Astrofifica de Andalucia (IAA). This work has made use of the Exo-Striker tool (Trifonov 2019); With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)Peer reviewEDP SciencesCentros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFISICA DE ANDALUCIA (IAA), SEV-2017-0709Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS (IAC), SEV-2015-0548Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-07370000-0002-1166-93380000-0003-3929-14420000-0002-0460-82890000-0002-0236-775X0000-0003-0203-82080000-0002-7349-13870000-0003-2490-47790000-0002-6689-03120000-0002-8388-60400000-0003-1930-5683Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)Junta de AndalucíaEuropean Research Council (ERC)Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT)Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)Generalitat de Catalunya202120212020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501application/pdfhttps://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2020/04/aa36732-19/aa36732-19.htmlhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12666/125reponame:DIGITAL.INTA Repositorio Digital del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacialinstname:Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)InglésEXPLOTACION CIENTIFICA DE CARMENES Y PREPARACION DE LOS PROXIMOS BUSCADORES DE EXOPLANETASinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//AYA2015-69350-C3-2-PENANAS MARRONES Y PLANETAS AISLADOS Y COMO COMPAÑEROS DE ESTRELLASCONTRIBUCION DE LA UGR A LA MISION ESPACIAL PLATO2.0. FASES B2/C/DORIGEN Y EVOLUCION DE LAS ENANAS MARRONES Y PLANETAS GIGANTESESTRUCTURA, PROCESOS Y CLIMA DE LAS ATMOSFERAS DE LA TIERRA Y EXO-PLANETASFrom Planet-Forming Disks to Giant Planetsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/ESP2017-87676-C5-2-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2016-79425-C3-1-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/ESP2017-87143-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/AYA2016-79425-C3-2-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/832428Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International© ESO 2020https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.inta.es:20.500.12666/1252026-06-23T12:46:37Z |
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