Saharan dust and association between particulate matter and case-specific mortality: a case-crossover analysis in Madrid (Spain)
BACKGROUND: Saharan dust intrusions are a common phenomenon in the Madrid atmosphere, leading induce exceedances of the 50 μg/m(3)--EU 24 h standard for PM10. METHODS: We investigated the effects of exposure to PM(10) between January 2003 and December 2005 in Madrid (Spain) on daily case-specific mo...
| Autores: | , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2012 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) |
| Repositorio: | Repisalud |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/6860 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/6860 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Africa, Northern Air Pollutants Cardiovascular Diseases Cerebrovascular Disorders Cities Cross-Over Studies Dust Humans Particulate Matter Respiratory Tract Diseases Seasons Spain |
| Sumario: | BACKGROUND: Saharan dust intrusions are a common phenomenon in the Madrid atmosphere, leading induce exceedances of the 50 μg/m(3)--EU 24 h standard for PM10. METHODS: We investigated the effects of exposure to PM(10) between January 2003 and December 2005 in Madrid (Spain) on daily case-specific mortality; changes of effects between Saharan and non-Saharan dust days were assessed using a time-stratified case-crossover design. RESULTS: Saharan dust affected 20% of days in the city of Madrid. Mean concentration of PM(10) was higher during dust days (47.7 μg/m(3)) than non-dust days (31.4 μg/m(3)). The rise of mortality per 10 μg/m(3) PM(10) concentration were always largely for Saharan dust-days. When stratifying by season risks of PM(10), at lag 1, during Saharan dust days were stronger for respiratory causes during cold season (IR% = 3.34% (95% CI: 0.36, 6.41) versus 2.87% (95% CI: 1.30, 4.47)) while for circulatory causes effects were stronger during warm season (IR% = 4.19% (95% CI: 1.34, 7.13) versus 2.65% (95% CI: 0.12, 5.23)). No effects were found for cerebrovascular causes. CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence of strongest effects of particulate matter during Saharan dust days, providing a suggestion of effect modification, even though interaction terms were not statistically significant. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanism by which Saharan dust increases mortality. |
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