Unraveling materials Berry curvature and Chern numbers from real-time evolution of Bloch states

Materials can be classified by the topological character of their electronic structure and, in this perspective, global attributes immune to local deformations have been discussed in terms of Berry curvature and Chern numbers. Except for instructional simple models, linear response theories have bee...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Shin, Dongbin, Sato, Shunsuke A., Hübener, Hannes, De Giovannini, Umberto, Kim, Jeongwoo, Park, Noejung, Rubio Secades, Angel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/32811
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/32811
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:time-dependent density functional theory
Berry curvature
quantum spin Hall effect
topological insulator
Descripción
Sumario:Materials can be classified by the topological character of their electronic structure and, in this perspective, global attributes immune to local deformations have been discussed in terms of Berry curvature and Chern numbers. Except for instructional simple models, linear response theories have been ubiquitously used in calculations of topological properties of real materials. Here we propose a completely different and versatile approach to obtain the topological characteristics of materials by calculating physical observables from the real-time evolving Bloch states: The cell-averaged current density reveals the anomalous velocities that lead to the conductivity quantum. Results for prototypical cases are shown, including a spin-frozen valley Hall and a quantum anomalous Hall insulator. The advantage of this method is best illustrated by the example of a quantum spin Hall insulator: The quantized spin Hall conductivity is straightforwardly obtained irrespective of the non-Abelian nature in its Berry curvature. Moreover, the method can be extended to the description of real observables in nonequilibrium states of topological materials.