Collective excitations of a one-dimensional quantum droplet

We calculate the excitation spectrum of a one-dimensional self-bound quantum droplet in a two-component bosonic mixture described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with cubic and quadratic nonlinearities. The cubic term originates from the mean-field energy of the mixture proportional to the ef...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Tylutki, Marek, Astrakharchik, Grigori|||0000-0003-0394-8094, Malomed, Boris A., Petrov, D. S.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/328092
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/328092
https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.101.051601
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Superfluidity
Bose-Einstein condensation
Bose-Einstein condensates
Ultracold gases
Superfluïdesa
Condensació de Bose-Einstein
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física
Descripción
Sumario:We calculate the excitation spectrum of a one-dimensional self-bound quantum droplet in a two-component bosonic mixture described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with cubic and quadratic nonlinearities. The cubic term originates from the mean-field energy of the mixture proportional to the effective coupling constant dg, whereas the quadratic nonlinearity corresponds to the attractive beyond-mean-field contribution. The droplet properties are governed by a control parameter ¿¿dgN2/3, where N is the particle number. For large ¿>0, the droplet features the flat-top shape with the discrete part of its spectrum consisting of plane-wave Bogoliubov phonons propagating through the flat-density bulk and reflected by edges of the droplet. With decreasing ¿, these modes cross into the continuum, sequentially crossing the particle-emission threshold at specific critical values. A notable exception is the breathing mode, which we find to be always bound. The balance point ¿=0 provides implementation of a system governed by the GPE with an unusual quadratic nonlinearity. This case is characterized by the ratio of the breathing-mode frequency to the particle-emission threshold equal to 0.8904. As ¿ tends to -8, this ratio tends to 1 and the droplet transforms into the soliton solution of the integrable cubic GPE.