Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation

In pursuit of decarbonizing the iron and steel industry through the utilization of blast furnace gas (BFG), this study investigates the technical feasibility of a Ca-Cu looping technology known as calcium-assisted steel mill off-gas hydrogen production (CASOH). The process is modeled and analyzed us...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Authors: Khallaghi, Navid, Zapata-Boada, Santiago, Díaz Gutiérrez, Miriam, Wright, Andrew David, Fernández García, José Ramón, Abanades García, Juan Carlos, Spallina, Vincenzo
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2025
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/399100
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399100
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105010217821
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
id ES_d3c9a3bcbb37f07f54520a63bcefa562
oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/399100
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical EvaluationKhallaghi, NavidZapata-Boada, SantiagoDíaz Gutiérrez, MiriamWright, Andrew DavidFernández García, José RamónAbanades García, Juan CarlosSpallina, Vincenzohttp://metadata.un.org/sdg/7http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for allBuild resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovationIn pursuit of decarbonizing the iron and steel industry through the utilization of blast furnace gas (BFG), this study investigates the technical feasibility of a Ca-Cu looping technology known as calcium-assisted steel mill off-gas hydrogen production (CASOH). The process is modeled and analyzed using Aspen Plus software. The key technical performances of two versions of CASOH were evaluated and compared with more traditional solvent-based technology for the precombustion decarbonization of BFG using methyl diethanolamine (MDEA). The first case (base case, CASOH-B) uses part of the BFG to regenerate the sorbent; therefore, it concentrates CO<inf>2</inf> up to 54%. In the second case (enhanced, CASOH-E), low-pressure steam is used for the calcination reaction. In the case of CASOH-B, the integration with a CO<inf>2</inf> purification unit outperforms the other configurations regarding the CO<inf>2</inf> capture efficiency, with values of up to 97% compared to 91% for CASOH-E and 83% for MDEA. However, CASOH-E demonstrated a significantly higher thermal output (224.5 MW<inf>LHV</inf> vs 77.6 MW<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-B), resulting in better cold gas efficiency and lower specific CO<inf>2</inf> emissions (76% and 29.8 kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>/GJ<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-E compared to 26.3% and 105.7 kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>/GJ<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-B). Various scenarios were analyzed to meet the heat and power requirements of the process. When relying on an external energy source such as natural gas, biogas, or photovoltaic panels, the solvent-based case outperforms the CASOH configurations with a specific energy consumption per CO<inf>2</inf> avoided (SPECCA) of 0.5-0.7 MJ<inf>LHV</inf>/kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>, compared to 1.1-3.3 MJ<inf>LHV</inf>/kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf> for CASOH configurations. However, if the hydrogen-rich stream produced in CASOH-E is used to meet energy demands, then CASOH-E becomes the most favorable option. These findings emphasize the importance of operational parameters in optimizing BFG decarbonization strategies by balancing thermal output, efficiency, and emissions capture.The work was carried out as part of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 884418 (C4U project). The work reflects only the authors’ views, and the European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The authors would like to acknowledge the EPSRC for providing funding through the project BREINSTORM (grant no. EP/S030654/1).Peer reviewedAmerican Chemical SocietyEuropean CommissionDíaz Gutiérrez, Miriam [0000-0001-7993-6829]Fernández García, José Ramón [0000-0001-9801-7043]Abanades Garcia, Juan Carlos [0000-0003-1711-6993]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/399100https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105010217821reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/884418Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchhttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c01422Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3991002026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
title Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
spellingShingle Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
Khallaghi, Navid
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
title_short Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
title_full Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
title_fullStr Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
title_full_unstemmed Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
title_sort Blast Furnace Gas Utilization with Calcium-Assisted Steel Mill Off-Gas Hydrogen Production (CASOH) Technology: Technical Evaluation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Khallaghi, Navid
Zapata-Boada, Santiago
Díaz Gutiérrez, Miriam
Wright, Andrew David
Fernández García, José Ramón
Abanades García, Juan Carlos
Spallina, Vincenzo
author Khallaghi, Navid
author_facet Khallaghi, Navid
Zapata-Boada, Santiago
Díaz Gutiérrez, Miriam
Wright, Andrew David
Fernández García, José Ramón
Abanades García, Juan Carlos
Spallina, Vincenzo
author_role author
author2 Zapata-Boada, Santiago
Díaz Gutiérrez, Miriam
Wright, Andrew David
Fernández García, José Ramón
Abanades García, Juan Carlos
Spallina, Vincenzo
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
Díaz Gutiérrez, Miriam [0000-0001-7993-6829]
Fernández García, José Ramón [0000-0001-9801-7043]
Abanades Garcia, Juan Carlos [0000-0003-1711-6993]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
topic http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
description In pursuit of decarbonizing the iron and steel industry through the utilization of blast furnace gas (BFG), this study investigates the technical feasibility of a Ca-Cu looping technology known as calcium-assisted steel mill off-gas hydrogen production (CASOH). The process is modeled and analyzed using Aspen Plus software. The key technical performances of two versions of CASOH were evaluated and compared with more traditional solvent-based technology for the precombustion decarbonization of BFG using methyl diethanolamine (MDEA). The first case (base case, CASOH-B) uses part of the BFG to regenerate the sorbent; therefore, it concentrates CO<inf>2</inf> up to 54%. In the second case (enhanced, CASOH-E), low-pressure steam is used for the calcination reaction. In the case of CASOH-B, the integration with a CO<inf>2</inf> purification unit outperforms the other configurations regarding the CO<inf>2</inf> capture efficiency, with values of up to 97% compared to 91% for CASOH-E and 83% for MDEA. However, CASOH-E demonstrated a significantly higher thermal output (224.5 MW<inf>LHV</inf> vs 77.6 MW<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-B), resulting in better cold gas efficiency and lower specific CO<inf>2</inf> emissions (76% and 29.8 kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>/GJ<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-E compared to 26.3% and 105.7 kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>/GJ<inf>LHV</inf> for CASOH-B). Various scenarios were analyzed to meet the heat and power requirements of the process. When relying on an external energy source such as natural gas, biogas, or photovoltaic panels, the solvent-based case outperforms the CASOH configurations with a specific energy consumption per CO<inf>2</inf> avoided (SPECCA) of 0.5-0.7 MJ<inf>LHV</inf>/kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>, compared to 1.1-3.3 MJ<inf>LHV</inf>/kg<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf> for CASOH configurations. However, if the hydrogen-rich stream produced in CASOH-E is used to meet energy demands, then CASOH-E becomes the most favorable option. These findings emphasize the importance of operational parameters in optimizing BFG decarbonization strategies by balancing thermal output, efficiency, and emissions capture.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399100
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105010217821
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399100
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105010217821
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/884418
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5c01422
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Chemical Society
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869420490114727936
score 15,81155

Similar Items