Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature

The strength of fault zones is strongly dependent on pore fluid pressures within them. Moreover, transient changes in pore fluid pressure can lead to a variety of slip behavior from creep to unstable slip manifested as earthquakes or slow slip events. The frictional properties of low-permeability fa...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Authors: Faulkner, D. R., Sánchez-Roa, C., Boulton, C., den Hartog, S. A. M.
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2018
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/361503
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/361503
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Earthquake
Faults
Fluids
Friction
Permeability
id ES_d1cf15f5d826ebfbb7310e54844c554d
oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/361503
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and NatureFaulkner, D. R.Sánchez-Roa, C.Boulton, C.den Hartog, S. A. M.EarthquakeFaultsFluidsFrictionPermeabilityThe strength of fault zones is strongly dependent on pore fluid pressures within them. Moreover, transient changes in pore fluid pressure can lead to a variety of slip behavior from creep to unstable slip manifested as earthquakes or slow slip events. The frictional properties of low-permeability fault gouge in nature and experiment can be affected by pore fluid pressure development through compaction within the gouge layer, even when the boundaries are drained. Here the conditions under which significant pore fluid pressures develop are analyzed analytically, numerically, and experimentally. Friction experiments on low-permeability fault gouge at different sliding velocities show progressive weakening as slip rate is increased, indicating that faster experiments are incapable of draining the pore fluid pressure produced by compaction. Experiments are used to constrain the evolution of the permeability and pore volume needed for numerical modeling of pore fluid pressure build up. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experiments, indicating that the principal physical processes have been considered. The model is used to analyze the effect of pore fluid pressure transients on the determination of the frictional properties, illustrating that intrinsic velocity-strengthening behavior can appear velocity weakening if pore fluid pressure is not given sufficient time to equilibrate. The results illustrate that care must be taken when measuring experimentally the frictional characteristics of low-permeability fault gouge. The contribution of compaction-induced pore fluid pressurization leading to weakening of natural faults is considered. Cyclic pressurization of pore fluid within fault gouge during successive earthquakes on larger faults may reset porosity and hence the capacity for compaction weakening.D.R.F. gratefully acknowledges NERC grants NE/H012486/1, NE/J024449/1, and NE/P002943/1 and a Royal Society/Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellowship that helped support this work. C.S.R. acknowledges Research Training Grant BES-2012-052 562 from the Spanish Government. S.d. H. acknowledges a Marie Curie Fellowship.American Geophysical UnionMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (España)National Eye Institute (US)Natural Environment Research Council (UK)Leverhulme TrustRoyal Society (UK)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2024202420182024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/361503reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//BES-2012-052562http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015130Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3615032026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
title Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
spellingShingle Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
Faulkner, D. R.
Earthquake
Faults
Fluids
Friction
Permeability
title_short Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
title_full Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
title_fullStr Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
title_full_unstemmed Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
title_sort Pore Fluid Pressure Development in Compacting Fault Gouge in Theory, Experiments, and Nature
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Faulkner, D. R.
Sánchez-Roa, C.
Boulton, C.
den Hartog, S. A. M.
author Faulkner, D. R.
author_facet Faulkner, D. R.
Sánchez-Roa, C.
Boulton, C.
den Hartog, S. A. M.
author_role author
author2 Sánchez-Roa, C.
Boulton, C.
den Hartog, S. A. M.
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
National Eye Institute (US)
Natural Environment Research Council (UK)
Leverhulme Trust
Royal Society (UK)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Earthquake
Faults
Fluids
Friction
Permeability
topic Earthquake
Faults
Fluids
Friction
Permeability
description The strength of fault zones is strongly dependent on pore fluid pressures within them. Moreover, transient changes in pore fluid pressure can lead to a variety of slip behavior from creep to unstable slip manifested as earthquakes or slow slip events. The frictional properties of low-permeability fault gouge in nature and experiment can be affected by pore fluid pressure development through compaction within the gouge layer, even when the boundaries are drained. Here the conditions under which significant pore fluid pressures develop are analyzed analytically, numerically, and experimentally. Friction experiments on low-permeability fault gouge at different sliding velocities show progressive weakening as slip rate is increased, indicating that faster experiments are incapable of draining the pore fluid pressure produced by compaction. Experiments are used to constrain the evolution of the permeability and pore volume needed for numerical modeling of pore fluid pressure build up. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experiments, indicating that the principal physical processes have been considered. The model is used to analyze the effect of pore fluid pressure transients on the determination of the frictional properties, illustrating that intrinsic velocity-strengthening behavior can appear velocity weakening if pore fluid pressure is not given sufficient time to equilibrate. The results illustrate that care must be taken when measuring experimentally the frictional characteristics of low-permeability fault gouge. The contribution of compaction-induced pore fluid pressurization leading to weakening of natural faults is considered. Cyclic pressurization of pore fluid within fault gouge during successive earthquakes on larger faults may reset porosity and hence the capacity for compaction weakening.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2024
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/361503
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/361503
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//BES-2012-052562
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015130
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Geophysical Union
publisher.none.fl_str_mv American Geophysical Union
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869420295465467904
score 15.811543

Similar Items