Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has altered the lives of everyone on a global scale due to its high transmission rate. In the current work, the droplet dispersion and evaporation originated by a cough at different velocities is studied. A multiphase computational fluid dynamic model...

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Authors: Chillón, Sergio, Ugarte Anero, Ainara, Aramendia Iradi, Iñigo, Fernández Gámiz, Unai, Zulueta Guerrero, Ekaitz
Format: article
Publication Date:2021
Country:España
Institution:Universidad del País Vasco
Repository:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/50637
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/50637
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:COVID-19
cough droplet dispersion
airborne transmission
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
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spelling Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined SpaceChillón, SergioUgarte Anero, AinaraAramendia Iradi, IñigoFernández Gámiz, UnaiZulueta Guerrero, EkaitzCOVID-19cough droplet dispersionairborne transmissioncomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has altered the lives of everyone on a global scale due to its high transmission rate. In the current work, the droplet dispersion and evaporation originated by a cough at different velocities is studied. A multiphase computational fluid dynamic model based on fully coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques was used. The evaporation, breakup, mass transfer, phase change, and turbulent dispersion forces of droplets were taken into account. A computational domain imitating an elevator that with two individuals inside was modeled. The results showed that all droplets smaller than 150 μm evaporate before 10 s at different heights. Smaller droplets of <30 µm evaporate quickly, and their trajectories are governed by Brownian movements. Instead, the trajectories of medium-sized droplets (30–80 µm) are under the influence of inertial forces, while bigger droplets move according to inertial and gravitational forces. Smaller droplets are located in the top positions, while larger (i.e., heaviest) droplets are located at the bottom.The authors appreciate the support to the government of the Basque Country through research programs Grants N. ELKARTEK 20/71 and ELKARTEK 20/78.MDPI2021202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/50637reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/5/574/htminfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/506372026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
title Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
spellingShingle Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
Chillón, Sergio
COVID-19
cough droplet dispersion
airborne transmission
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
title_short Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
title_full Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
title_fullStr Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
title_sort Numerical Modeling of the Spread of Cough Saliva Droplets in a Calm Confined Space
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Chillón, Sergio
Ugarte Anero, Ainara
Aramendia Iradi, Iñigo
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Zulueta Guerrero, Ekaitz
author Chillón, Sergio
author_facet Chillón, Sergio
Ugarte Anero, Ainara
Aramendia Iradi, Iñigo
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Zulueta Guerrero, Ekaitz
author_role author
author2 Ugarte Anero, Ainara
Aramendia Iradi, Iñigo
Fernández Gámiz, Unai
Zulueta Guerrero, Ekaitz
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv COVID-19
cough droplet dispersion
airborne transmission
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
topic COVID-19
cough droplet dispersion
airborne transmission
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
description The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has altered the lives of everyone on a global scale due to its high transmission rate. In the current work, the droplet dispersion and evaporation originated by a cough at different velocities is studied. A multiphase computational fluid dynamic model based on fully coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques was used. The evaporation, breakup, mass transfer, phase change, and turbulent dispersion forces of droplets were taken into account. A computational domain imitating an elevator that with two individuals inside was modeled. The results showed that all droplets smaller than 150 μm evaporate before 10 s at different heights. Smaller droplets of <30 µm evaporate quickly, and their trajectories are governed by Brownian movements. Instead, the trajectories of medium-sized droplets (30–80 µm) are under the influence of inertial forces, while bigger droplets move according to inertial and gravitational forces. Smaller droplets are located in the top positions, while larger (i.e., heaviest) droplets are located at the bottom.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/50637
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/50637
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/5/574/htm
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300719

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