Entanglement of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ocean

Knowledge of Earth's microbiomes' capacity to degrade aromatic compounds is limited by the lack of accurate tools for identifying degrading genes and their associated taxa. Additionally, these estimates are hardly compared to in situ background concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydroca...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Iriarte, Jon, Lundin, Daniel, Martinez-Varela, Alícia, Reyes-González, José M., Sánchez, Pablo, Dachs, Jordi, Vila-Costa, Maria
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/391932
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/391932
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105006785739
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Organic pollutants
Aromatic hydrocarbon degradation
Dioxygenase
Marine microbial communities
Marker gene
Metagenomics
PAH
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Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Descripción
Sumario:Knowledge of Earth's microbiomes' capacity to degrade aromatic compounds is limited by the lack of accurate tools for identifying degrading genes and their associated taxa. Additionally, these estimates are hardly compared to in situ background concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly in oceanic waters. This knowledge is important for assessing the persistence of the widespread and abundant PAHs in the environment and their interactions with microbes. Here, we present a new tool to identify aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase α-subunit (arhdA) gene sequences by combining profile-based search with phylogenetic placement in a reference phylogeny. We identified arhdA-harboring taxa in both the Genome Taxonomy Database and the Malaspina Vertical Profiles Gene Database, a gene catalog derived from metagenomes collected during the Malaspina expedition. We found that multiple ubiquitous taxa in tropical and temperate oceans harbor arhdA. The comparison of arhdA gene abundances in seawater metagenomes with the field PAH concentrations showed that higher abundances of arhdA gene copies per cell were negatively correlated with 2-4 ring PAHs, consistent with the known degradation of lighter PAHs. Gene abundances were significantly higher in the particle-associated fraction than in the free-living fraction, suggesting particulate matter as a relevant reservoir of PAH degraders. Finally, we show that PAHs, together with other environmental variables, modulate the structure of oceanic microbial communities.