| Resumo: | Climate change is negatively affecting agricultural production. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new plants that are tolerant or resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses. Biotechnological tools, such as genetic modification and genome editing, can be used to rapidly create plants with new traits. Plant biotechnology utilizes gene editing tools such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly spaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) proteins. While plant genome editing is a new field, most editing systems are based on established genetic transformation methods. The delivery methods for the editing tools, such as Agrobacterium-mediated delivery, biolistics, and polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation, are the same as those used for classic genetic transformation. To achieve successful editing, intermediate steps such as plant regeneration and transformation must be optimized beforehand. This thesis aims to determine the optimal conditions for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Amaranthus caudatus cultivars and establish a regeneration methodology for Solanum lycopersicum and heirloom tomato genotypes. An effective methodology for transforming Amaranthus caudatus cultivars, Karmin and Helios, was established, with results obtained within four days of the experiment’s start due to the speed of the transformation method. The procedure for obtaining and regenerating calli was developed for three commercial tomato varieties and three wild accessions. Optimal conditions for obtaining the maximum number of regenerated shoots and callus formation were evaluated for all the tomatoes studied. Our method allows for obtaining initial results in less than two weeks. The factors that significantly influence the percentage of regeneration and callus formation were assessed.
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