New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pathogen for pigs, causing large economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, this bacterium has a zoonotic potential, being capable of infecting humans in close contact with pigs or, less frequently, through contact with pork products. Given its importanc...

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Autores: Vilaró, Anna, Karstensen, Kasper Thystrup, Serra, Laia, Solé, Emma, Seró Pérez, Ingrid, Novell, Elena, Tarancón, Vicens, Cavaco, Lina, Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol, Migura-García, Lourdes, Fraile Sauce, Lorenzo José
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Repositório:Repositori Obert UdL
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/467255
Acesso em linha:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467255
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Whole genome sequencing
Streptococcus suis
Epidemiology
Antimicrobial susceptibility
Pig production system
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spelling New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencingVilaró, AnnaKarstensen, Kasper ThystrupSerra, LaiaSolé, EmmaSeró Pérez, IngridNovell, ElenaTarancón, VicensCavaco, LinaGonzalez-Escalona, NarjolMigura-García, LourdesFraile Sauce, Lorenzo JoséWhole genome sequencingStreptococcus suisEpidemiologyAntimicrobial susceptibilityPig production systemStreptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pathogen for pigs, causing large economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, this bacterium has a zoonotic potential, being capable of infecting humans in close contact with pigs or, less frequently, through contact with pork products. Given its importance in both veterinary and public health, S. suis remains a key topic of research. This study explores the genetic characteristics of 154 S. suis isolates obtained from clinical samples collected from pigs between 2018 and 2022. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) allowed a comprehensive analysis of the S. suis population in Spain, including detection of serotype, sequence type (ST), antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence-associated genes. This approach also explored the vertical transmission of this pathogen through vertically integrated pyramids, as evidenced by associations between grandmother and mother sow farms, and phylogenetic groups, serotypes, and STs. Our analysis revealed that serotype 9 was the most prevalent in our strain collection, predominantly associated with ST123. Notably, the three most significant virulence genes, encoding the extracellular protein factor (EPF), the muramidase-release protein (MRP), and suilysin (SLY), were not consistently present in all clinical isolates. Regarding antimicrobial resistance, no phenotypic resistance was observed to ceftiofur or florfenicol, while observing low resistance to ampicillin (0.6 %) and enrofloxacin (2.6 %), intermediate resistance to penicillin (22.1 %), and high percentage of non-wild-type isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (57.1 %), and doxycycline (96.1 %). The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were tet(O) (85.1 %) and erm(B) (86.4 %), conferring resistance to tetracyclines and macrolides, respectively, although macrolides were not included in the phenotypic testing. Overall, this study provides key epidemiological insights into this significant systemic pathogen within the Spanish swine population. The findings underscore the importance of understanding sample origins, such as grandmother and mother sow farms, to develop an effective antimicrobial stewardship program for managing S. suis-associated diseases.This study was partially funded by AEMPS/PRAN with the European funds “Mecanismo de recuperación y resilencia (C18.I2.P3.S2)” and the CERCA program. Anna Vilaró is supported by the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) of the Catalan Government though the industrial doctorate grant 2021DI 86. This study was carried out with the support of Grup de Sanejament Porcí, Lleida (GSP). The authors wish to thank the veterinary clinicians involved and Dr. Øysten Angen from Statens Serum Institute.Elsevier2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467255reponame:Repositori Obert UdL instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376Veterinary Microbiology, 2025, vol. 301, 110376cc-by (c) Anna Vilaró et al., 2025info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4672552026-06-24T12:42:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
title New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
spellingShingle New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
Vilaró, Anna
Whole genome sequencing
Streptococcus suis
Epidemiology
Antimicrobial susceptibility
Pig production system
title_short New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
title_full New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
title_fullStr New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
title_full_unstemmed New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
title_sort New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Vilaró, Anna
Karstensen, Kasper Thystrup
Serra, Laia
Solé, Emma
Seró Pérez, Ingrid
Novell, Elena
Tarancón, Vicens
Cavaco, Lina
Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol
Migura-García, Lourdes
Fraile Sauce, Lorenzo José
author Vilaró, Anna
author_facet Vilaró, Anna
Karstensen, Kasper Thystrup
Serra, Laia
Solé, Emma
Seró Pérez, Ingrid
Novell, Elena
Tarancón, Vicens
Cavaco, Lina
Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol
Migura-García, Lourdes
Fraile Sauce, Lorenzo José
author_role author
author2 Karstensen, Kasper Thystrup
Serra, Laia
Solé, Emma
Seró Pérez, Ingrid
Novell, Elena
Tarancón, Vicens
Cavaco, Lina
Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol
Migura-García, Lourdes
Fraile Sauce, Lorenzo José
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Whole genome sequencing
Streptococcus suis
Epidemiology
Antimicrobial susceptibility
Pig production system
topic Whole genome sequencing
Streptococcus suis
Epidemiology
Antimicrobial susceptibility
Pig production system
description Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major pathogen for pigs, causing large economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, this bacterium has a zoonotic potential, being capable of infecting humans in close contact with pigs or, less frequently, through contact with pork products. Given its importance in both veterinary and public health, S. suis remains a key topic of research. This study explores the genetic characteristics of 154 S. suis isolates obtained from clinical samples collected from pigs between 2018 and 2022. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) allowed a comprehensive analysis of the S. suis population in Spain, including detection of serotype, sequence type (ST), antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence-associated genes. This approach also explored the vertical transmission of this pathogen through vertically integrated pyramids, as evidenced by associations between grandmother and mother sow farms, and phylogenetic groups, serotypes, and STs. Our analysis revealed that serotype 9 was the most prevalent in our strain collection, predominantly associated with ST123. Notably, the three most significant virulence genes, encoding the extracellular protein factor (EPF), the muramidase-release protein (MRP), and suilysin (SLY), were not consistently present in all clinical isolates. Regarding antimicrobial resistance, no phenotypic resistance was observed to ceftiofur or florfenicol, while observing low resistance to ampicillin (0.6 %) and enrofloxacin (2.6 %), intermediate resistance to penicillin (22.1 %), and high percentage of non-wild-type isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (57.1 %), and doxycycline (96.1 %). The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were tet(O) (85.1 %) and erm(B) (86.4 %), conferring resistance to tetracyclines and macrolides, respectively, although macrolides were not included in the phenotypic testing. Overall, this study provides key epidemiological insights into this significant systemic pathogen within the Spanish swine population. The findings underscore the importance of understanding sample origins, such as grandmother and mother sow farms, to develop an effective antimicrobial stewardship program for managing S. suis-associated diseases.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467255
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/467255
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376
Veterinary Microbiology, 2025, vol. 301, 110376
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Anna Vilaró et al., 2025
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Anna Vilaró et al., 2025
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositori Obert UdL
instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
instname_str Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
reponame_str Repositori Obert UdL
collection Repositori Obert UdL
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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