Characterization of simple and complex genomic structural variation : a study of human populations and leukaemia

Over the last ten years, improvements in molecular techniques and the arrival of the next-generation sequencing technologies have revealed a large amount of structural variation (SV) in the human genome. Consequently, there has been a significant increase in interest from the scientific community to...

ver descrição completa

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Bassaganyas Bars, Laia
Formato: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Recursos:CBUC, CESCA
Repositorio:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
OAI Identifier:oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/123575
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10803/123575
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Genomics
Genòmica
Structural Variation
Variació Estructural
Next-generation sequencing
Seqüenciació de nova generació
Human populations
Poblacions humanes
Cancer
Càncer
Leukaemia
Leucèmia
Computational tools
Eines computacionals
575
Descrição
Resumo:Over the last ten years, improvements in molecular techniques and the arrival of the next-generation sequencing technologies have revealed a large amount of structural variation (SV) in the human genome. Consequently, there has been a significant increase in interest from the scientific community to understand the role of the SV in diseases, such as cancer, or in determining phenotypic traits in the general population. The objective of this thesis has been to study in depth the characterization and the functional importance of the SV, through the analysis of different methods for its detection and its biological impact in two different contexts. First, we have analysed the presence of copy-number variants in several human populations using a microarray approach and, by validating one of the detected regions, we have confirmed the reliability of this method for the detection of this type of SV. Second, through the chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) genome project, we have identified structural variants in patients with CLL by whole-genome sequencing. To obtain a comprehensive analysis of the SV in cancer genomes, we have developed a computational tool with the capacity to characterize and define all forms of the SV using next-generation sequencing data. With this tool we have detected, on one hand, some novel variants in CLL and, on the other hand, a high level of genomic complexity in one of the patients studied. From this last case, we have carried out the evaluation of the phenotypic impact of the complex variants in the progression of the CLL, which has allowed us to determine the importance of analysing cancer as a dynamic process undergoing evolutionary changes over time