Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration

The FEBEX in situ experiment was a full-scale test reproducing the near-field of an underground nuclear waste repository. It was performed in a gallery excavated in granite, two heaters simulated the thermal effect of the waste canisters and a bentonite barrier composed of highly-compacted blocks su...

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Autores: Villar Galicia, María Victoria, Iglesias, Rubén Javier, Garcia Siñeriz, Jose Luis, Lloret Morancho, Antonio|||0000-0001-7991-8487, Huertas Ilera Ilera, Fernando
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/174002
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/174002
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105408
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Radioactive waste disposal in the ground
Radioactive waste disposal
Barriers
Bentonite
Swelling
Partial saturation
Adsorbed water density
Bentonita -- Propietats mecàniques
Residus radioactius -- Emplaçament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental::Tractament dels residus
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies::Energia nuclear
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spelling Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydrationVillar Galicia, María VictoriaIglesias, Rubén JavierGarcia Siñeriz, Jose LuisLloret Morancho, Antonio|||0000-0001-7991-8487Huertas Ilera Ilera, FernandoRadioactive waste disposal in the groundRadioactive waste disposalBarriersBentoniteSwellingPartial saturationAdsorbed water densityBentonita -- Propietats mecàniquesResidus radioactius -- EmplaçamentÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòlsÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental::Tractament dels residusÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies::Energia nuclearThe FEBEX in situ experiment was a full-scale test reproducing the near-field of an underground nuclear waste repository. It was performed in a gallery excavated in granite, two heaters simulated the thermal effect of the waste canisters and a bentonite barrier composed of highly-compacted blocks surrounded them, acting as buffer between the heaters and the crystalline host rock. The barrier slowly hydrated with the natural incoming groundwater. The bentonite and rock were instrumented and the sensors provided information about the state of the barrier. Half of the experiment was dismantled after five years of operation (partial dismantling), and the other half was left running for subsequent thirteen years before the complete, final dismantling. During both the partial and the final dismantling numerous samples of bentonite were taken for the on-site determination of dry density and water content. This work compares the physical state of the bentonite barrier after two different periods of time, drawing conclusions about the performance of the barrier and the factors affecting its saturation rate and evolution. The physical state of the barrier was mostly conditioned by the heating and hydration processes, although at some points it was affected by installation particularities. The dry density gradients generated proved to be persistent, and maybe largely irreversible, since they were already observed after five years of operation and remained for another thirteen years, despite the fact that the degree of saturation at the end of the experiment was overall quite high. These gradients did not impair the performance of the barrier and its sealing ability. To properly compute the bentonite degree of saturation the differences between the microstructural and macrostructural water density have to be taken into account, and this is essential for the proper estimation of the time needed for full saturation of the barrier. In any case, the water content changes evidenced the slowing down of the hydration rate over timePeer Reviewed20202020-01-0120192019-12-17journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501AMhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/174002https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105408reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)InglésengEuropean Commission http://doi.org/10.13039/100010661 Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 745942 Bentonite mechanical evolutionopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/1740022026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
title Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
spellingShingle Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
Villar Galicia, María Victoria
Radioactive waste disposal in the ground
Radioactive waste disposal
Barriers
Bentonite
Swelling
Partial saturation
Adsorbed water density
Bentonita -- Propietats mecàniques
Residus radioactius -- Emplaçament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental::Tractament dels residus
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies::Energia nuclear
title_short Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
title_full Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
title_fullStr Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
title_full_unstemmed Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
title_sort Physical evolution of a bentonite buffer during 18 years of heating and hydration
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Villar Galicia, María Victoria
Iglesias, Rubén Javier
Garcia Siñeriz, Jose Luis
Lloret Morancho, Antonio|||0000-0001-7991-8487
Huertas Ilera Ilera, Fernando
author Villar Galicia, María Victoria
author_facet Villar Galicia, María Victoria
Iglesias, Rubén Javier
Garcia Siñeriz, Jose Luis
Lloret Morancho, Antonio|||0000-0001-7991-8487
Huertas Ilera Ilera, Fernando
author_role author
author2 Iglesias, Rubén Javier
Garcia Siñeriz, Jose Luis
Lloret Morancho, Antonio|||0000-0001-7991-8487
Huertas Ilera Ilera, Fernando
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Radioactive waste disposal in the ground
Radioactive waste disposal
Barriers
Bentonite
Swelling
Partial saturation
Adsorbed water density
Bentonita -- Propietats mecàniques
Residus radioactius -- Emplaçament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental::Tractament dels residus
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies::Energia nuclear
topic Radioactive waste disposal in the ground
Radioactive waste disposal
Barriers
Bentonite
Swelling
Partial saturation
Adsorbed water density
Bentonita -- Propietats mecàniques
Residus radioactius -- Emplaçament
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geotècnia::Mecànica de sòls
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Enginyeria ambiental::Tractament dels residus
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies::Energia nuclear
description The FEBEX in situ experiment was a full-scale test reproducing the near-field of an underground nuclear waste repository. It was performed in a gallery excavated in granite, two heaters simulated the thermal effect of the waste canisters and a bentonite barrier composed of highly-compacted blocks surrounded them, acting as buffer between the heaters and the crystalline host rock. The barrier slowly hydrated with the natural incoming groundwater. The bentonite and rock were instrumented and the sensors provided information about the state of the barrier. Half of the experiment was dismantled after five years of operation (partial dismantling), and the other half was left running for subsequent thirteen years before the complete, final dismantling. During both the partial and the final dismantling numerous samples of bentonite were taken for the on-site determination of dry density and water content. This work compares the physical state of the bentonite barrier after two different periods of time, drawing conclusions about the performance of the barrier and the factors affecting its saturation rate and evolution. The physical state of the barrier was mostly conditioned by the heating and hydration processes, although at some points it was affected by installation particularities. The dry density gradients generated proved to be persistent, and maybe largely irreversible, since they were already observed after five years of operation and remained for another thirteen years, despite the fact that the degree of saturation at the end of the experiment was overall quite high. These gradients did not impair the performance of the barrier and its sealing ability. To properly compute the bentonite degree of saturation the differences between the microstructural and macrostructural water density have to be taken into account, and this is essential for the proper estimation of the time needed for full saturation of the barrier. In any case, the water content changes evidenced the slowing down of the hydration rate over time
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2019-12-17
2020
2020-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
AM
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/174002
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105408
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/174002
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105408
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv European Commission http://doi.org/10.13039/100010661 Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 745942 Bentonite mechanical evolution
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spain
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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