Oral administration of zein-based nanoparticles reduces glycemia and improves glucose tolerance in rats

The aim was to evaluate the effect of zein-based nanoparticles on the glucose homeostasis, following oral administration to Wistar rats. For this purpose, bare nanoparticles (NP, with tropism for the upper intestinal regions) and poly(ethylene glycol)-coated nanoparticles (NP-PEG), with the capabili...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Reboredo-Fuentes, C. (Cristian)|||/items/33a5afad-e78b-4aac-9847-14421580f6de, Gonzalez-Navarro, C.J. (Carlos Javier)|||/items/480527b9-23db-4625-b9e0-a91f385e9a1a, López, A. (Andrés)|||/items/3602d04a-6663-42bf-b8c5-7536bd4330e6, Irache-Garreta, J.M. (Juan Manuel)|||/items/c7cbbe9e-faeb-47e1-b7e8-2d956ca50173
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Navarra
Repositorio:Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171/66139
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10171/66139
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Zein
Nanoparticles
Hypoglycemic
GLP-1
Insulin
Diabetes
Descripción
Sumario:The aim was to evaluate the effect of zein-based nanoparticles on the glucose homeostasis, following oral administration to Wistar rats. For this purpose, bare nanoparticles (NP, with tropism for the upper intestinal regions) and poly(ethylene glycol)-coated nanoparticles (NP-PEG), with the capability to reach the ileum and cecum of animals, were evaluated. Both formulations were spherical in shape, displaying sizes around 200 nm and a negative surface zeta potential. The oral administration of a single dose of these nanoparticles to animals (50 mg/kg) induced a significant decrease of the glycemia, compared control rats and in animals treated with the free protein (p < 0.001). Moreover, these nanoparticles improved the glycemic control against an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test; particularly NP-PEG. These findings would be due to an increased release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by L-cells, which are more abundant in distal regions of the intestine. In fact, the GLP-1 blood levels of animals treated with nanoparticles were significantly higher than controls (about 40 % and 60 % for NP and NP-PEG groups, respectively). This higher capability of NP-PEG, with respect to NP, to increase the release of GLP-1 and control glycemia would be related to its ability to reach the distal areas of the small intestine.