Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years

This study analyzes the wind-generated wave climate conditions in the Red Sea. A 64-year (1959?2022) wave hindcast is developed using the spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III forced with ERA5 wind fields. The study addresses the climatologies of the significant wave height (Hs), mean period (Tm), and w...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Elshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmagid, Lobeto Alonso, Héctor|||0000-0002-8380-6311, Menéndez García, Melisa|||0000-0002-7269-5476
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
Repositorio:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/32625
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10902/32625
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Red Sea
Wave growth
Wind waves
Extremes
Climate variability
Long-term trends
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spelling Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 yearsElshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim AbdelmagidLobeto Alonso, Héctor|||0000-0002-8380-6311Menéndez García, Melisa|||0000-0002-7269-5476Red SeaWave growthWind wavesExtremesClimate variabilityLong-term trendsThis study analyzes the wind-generated wave climate conditions in the Red Sea. A 64-year (1959?2022) wave hindcast is developed using the spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III forced with ERA5 wind fields. The study addresses the climatologies of the significant wave height (Hs), mean period (Tm), and wave power (P) parameters, as well as the wind-sea and swell distributions throughout the basin. Special interest has been paid on assessing the extreme climate conditions. Additionally, the climate variability at seasonal and inter-annual scales, and the long-term trends are analyzed. The relationship between the Red Sea wave climate and the large-scale teleconnection climate patterns is investigated. The model is calibrated for wind-wave growth and validated against buoy and altimeter measurements revealing higher performance than previous datasets. The root mean square errors of Hs and Tm are reduced by 25% and 37%, respectively. Results show that wind-seas dominate in the northern and southernmost Red Sea regions. We also detect that the 100-year return period of Hs reaches ~5 m in the central basin. Furthermore, regional annual and seasonal variations of the wave climate show strong correlations with the circulation patterns described by the North Atlantic Oscillation at the northern Red Sea and both the Dipole Mode Index and El-Niño Southern Oscillation at the southern Red Sea. Finally, contrasting behaviours of negative and positive trends occur at the southern and northern regions, respectively, for Hs, and P with a contrary behavior for Tm. Trends under both mean and extreme conditions are mild, reaching 3 cm/ decade, 0.016 s/decade, and 0.3 kW/m/decade for Hs, Tm, and P, respectively, in the northern basin in winter.Ahmed I. Elshinnawy acknowledges the postdoc scholarship funding provided by the Ministry of Higher Education of the Arab Republic of Egypt to achieve this study. In addition, he acknowledges the supercomputing infrastructure support provided by the Environmental Hydraulic Institute (IHCantabria) of the Universidad de Cantabria. The authors would also like to thank the reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments.Elsevier BVUniversidad de Cantabria20242024-02-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://hdl.handle.net/10902/32625Ocean Engineering, 2024, 297, 116994reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabriainstname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/326252026-06-02T12:39:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
title Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
spellingShingle Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
Elshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmagid
Red Sea
Wave growth
Wind waves
Extremes
Climate variability
Long-term trends
title_short Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
title_full Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
title_fullStr Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
title_full_unstemmed Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
title_sort Changing wind-generated waves in the Red Sea during 64 years
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Elshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmagid
Lobeto Alonso, Héctor|||0000-0002-8380-6311
Menéndez García, Melisa|||0000-0002-7269-5476
author Elshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmagid
author_facet Elshinnawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmagid
Lobeto Alonso, Héctor|||0000-0002-8380-6311
Menéndez García, Melisa|||0000-0002-7269-5476
author_role author
author2 Lobeto Alonso, Héctor|||0000-0002-8380-6311
Menéndez García, Melisa|||0000-0002-7269-5476
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Cantabria
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Red Sea
Wave growth
Wind waves
Extremes
Climate variability
Long-term trends
topic Red Sea
Wave growth
Wind waves
Extremes
Climate variability
Long-term trends
description This study analyzes the wind-generated wave climate conditions in the Red Sea. A 64-year (1959?2022) wave hindcast is developed using the spectral wave model WAVEWATCH III forced with ERA5 wind fields. The study addresses the climatologies of the significant wave height (Hs), mean period (Tm), and wave power (P) parameters, as well as the wind-sea and swell distributions throughout the basin. Special interest has been paid on assessing the extreme climate conditions. Additionally, the climate variability at seasonal and inter-annual scales, and the long-term trends are analyzed. The relationship between the Red Sea wave climate and the large-scale teleconnection climate patterns is investigated. The model is calibrated for wind-wave growth and validated against buoy and altimeter measurements revealing higher performance than previous datasets. The root mean square errors of Hs and Tm are reduced by 25% and 37%, respectively. Results show that wind-seas dominate in the northern and southernmost Red Sea regions. We also detect that the 100-year return period of Hs reaches ~5 m in the central basin. Furthermore, regional annual and seasonal variations of the wave climate show strong correlations with the circulation patterns described by the North Atlantic Oscillation at the northern Red Sea and both the Dipole Mode Index and El-Niño Southern Oscillation at the southern Red Sea. Finally, contrasting behaviours of negative and positive trends occur at the southern and northern regions, respectively, for Hs, and P with a contrary behavior for Tm. Trends under both mean and extreme conditions are mild, reaching 3 cm/ decade, 0.016 s/decade, and 0.3 kW/m/decade for Hs, Tm, and P, respectively, in the northern basin in winter.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-02-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10902/32625
url https://hdl.handle.net/10902/32625
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Ocean Engineering, 2024, 297, 116994
reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
instname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
instname_str Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
reponame_str UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
collection UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869419685555994624
score 15,300719

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