Nitrate removal using metal-acid light induced (MALI) cycle

The homogeneous Fe3+/oxalate system was examined as a Metal-Acid Light Induced (MALI) cycle for the photo-assisted reduction of nitrate (NO3). A linear correlation between NO3 concentration removal and C2O4 2 consumption, at stoichiometric conditions, was obtained. This confirmed that CO2•- radicals...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Hahn, Vanesa Astrid, Garcia-Costa, Alicia L., Casas de Pedro, José Antonio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::fb536cbab62144986445b35de0a3e669
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/756700
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2026.137539
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Nitrate removal
Photo-assisted process
MALI cycle
iron/oxalate cycle
Nitrate reduction kinetics and mechanism
Química
Descripción
Sumario:The homogeneous Fe3+/oxalate system was examined as a Metal-Acid Light Induced (MALI) cycle for the photo-assisted reduction of nitrate (NO3). A linear correlation between NO3 concentration removal and C2O4 2 consumption, at stoichiometric conditions, was obtained. This confirmed that CO2•- radicals generated through ferrioxalate photolysis are the primary reductive species, enabling complete NO3 conversion with no detectable accumulation of NH4+ or gaseous NOX and only minor transient NO2 formation. Time-resolved kinetic experiments demonstrated that NO3 undergo pseudo-first order, whereas oxalate decomposition follows zero-order behavior governed exclusively by the photon flux. A study has been conducted on the influence of the different variables affecting the Fe-Oxalate-UV cycle. A photonic operational window was identified in Fe–oxalate systems, delineating the transition from reagent-controlled to photon-limited regimes. Outside this window, excess oxalate activated competing oxidative pathways that re-oxidized nitrogenated byproduct and decreased NO3 removal rate, thereby elucidating inconsistencies previously reported in the literature. Application to a real groundwater matrix revealed that Ca2+ induced CaC2O4 precipitation, markedly lowering UV transmittance and slowing the reaction. Mild acidification effectively suppressed precipitation restored photon utilization and produced NO3 reduction rates comparable to, and initially exceeding, those obtained in ultrapure water. These results close critical mechanistic and operational gaps in homogeneous photo-assisted NO3 reduction. The integrated kinetic, photonic and matrix-dependence framework developed here provides quantitative design guidelines for reagent dosing, light delivery and water-quality conditioning. Collectively, these insights advance the rational scale-up of the MALI cycle as a selective and practical technology for NO3 remediation