Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification

Population responses to marine climate change are determined by the strength of the selection pressure imposed by changing climate, the genetic variability within the population (i.e., among individuals), and phenotypic plasticity within individuals. Marine climate change research has focused primar...

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Autores: Vihtakari, Mikko, Havenhand, Jon N., Renaud, Paul E., Hendriks, Iris E.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/152935
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/152935
Access Level:acceso abierto
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spelling Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean AcidificationVihtakari, MikkoHavenhand, Jon N.Renaud, Paul E.Hendriks, Iris E.Population responses to marine climate change are determined by the strength of the selection pressure imposed by changing climate, the genetic variability within the population (i.e., among individuals), and phenotypic plasticity within individuals. Marine climate change research has focused primarily on population-level responses, yet it is at the level of the individual that natural selection operates. We studied individual-level responses of two bivalve species to ocean acidification (OA) at the earliest stage of the life-cycle. We measured sperm activity (swimming speed and percent motility) in the Boreal/Arctic Macoma calcarea and the temperate Mytilus galloprovincialis in response to two pCO2 levels (380 and 1000 ppm) at the ambient temperature at the collection site, i.e., 2 and 16°C, respectively. We also assessed sperm longevity under control conditions. Treatment effects on fertilization success were estimated using fertilization models. At the population level, simulated OA reduced M. galloprovincialis sperm swimming speed by 30%, percent motility by 44%, and fertilization success by 43%, whereas only sperm swimming speed was significantly affected in M. calcarea. Both species showed substantial variability among individuals in response to increased pCO2. This variability was greatest in M. galloprovincialis ranging from non-significant effect to more than 73% reduction in fertilization success in response to OA, whereas M. calcarea responses varied from 8% increase in percent sperm motility to 26% reduction in swimming speed. Further, modeled fertilization success was negatively affected by simulated OA in 10 of 13 studied M. galloprovincialis males and in three of 10 M. calcarea males. We observed sperm longevities (82 h for M. calcarea and 25 h for M. galloprovincialis on average) far longer than the expected time-frame for efficient fertilization accounting for dilution of gametes. Assuming sperm activity is a heritable trait, natural selection might be a possible way for the studied populations to adapt to near-future OA.This research was financed through the EU 7th Framework Program project Arctic Tipping Points (contract number FP7-ENV-2009-226248; http://www.eu-atp.org; PER IEH), the Fram Centre Ocean Acidification Flagship (PER), and partly by a Linnaeus-grant from the Swedish Research Councils VR and Formas (JNH) of the Linnaeus Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (http://www.cemeb.science.gu.se).Peer reviewedPeer ReviewedFrontiers MediaEuropean CommissionSwedish Research CouncilConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2017201720162017info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/152935reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/226248http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00051Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1529352026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
title Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
spellingShingle Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
Vihtakari, Mikko
title_short Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
title_full Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
title_fullStr Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
title_full_unstemmed Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
title_sort Variable Individual- and Population- Level Responses to Ocean Acidification
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Vihtakari, Mikko
Havenhand, Jon N.
Renaud, Paul E.
Hendriks, Iris E.
author Vihtakari, Mikko
author_facet Vihtakari, Mikko
Havenhand, Jon N.
Renaud, Paul E.
Hendriks, Iris E.
author_role author
author2 Havenhand, Jon N.
Renaud, Paul E.
Hendriks, Iris E.
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
Swedish Research Council
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
description Population responses to marine climate change are determined by the strength of the selection pressure imposed by changing climate, the genetic variability within the population (i.e., among individuals), and phenotypic plasticity within individuals. Marine climate change research has focused primarily on population-level responses, yet it is at the level of the individual that natural selection operates. We studied individual-level responses of two bivalve species to ocean acidification (OA) at the earliest stage of the life-cycle. We measured sperm activity (swimming speed and percent motility) in the Boreal/Arctic Macoma calcarea and the temperate Mytilus galloprovincialis in response to two pCO2 levels (380 and 1000 ppm) at the ambient temperature at the collection site, i.e., 2 and 16°C, respectively. We also assessed sperm longevity under control conditions. Treatment effects on fertilization success were estimated using fertilization models. At the population level, simulated OA reduced M. galloprovincialis sperm swimming speed by 30%, percent motility by 44%, and fertilization success by 43%, whereas only sperm swimming speed was significantly affected in M. calcarea. Both species showed substantial variability among individuals in response to increased pCO2. This variability was greatest in M. galloprovincialis ranging from non-significant effect to more than 73% reduction in fertilization success in response to OA, whereas M. calcarea responses varied from 8% increase in percent sperm motility to 26% reduction in swimming speed. Further, modeled fertilization success was negatively affected by simulated OA in 10 of 13 studied M. galloprovincialis males and in three of 10 M. calcarea males. We observed sperm longevities (82 h for M. calcarea and 25 h for M. galloprovincialis on average) far longer than the expected time-frame for efficient fertilization accounting for dilution of gametes. Assuming sperm activity is a heritable trait, natural selection might be a possible way for the studied populations to adapt to near-future OA.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2017
2017
2017
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/152935
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/152935
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
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info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/226248
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00051
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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