Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study

Introduction: data on the increase in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic based on individuals' socioeconomic positions are limited. This study examines this increase in mortality in Spain during the epidemic waves of 2020 and 2021. Methods: we calculated the overall and cause-specific m...

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Autores: Pulido, José, Donat, Marta, Moreno Lostao, Almudena, Politi, Julieta, Cea-Soriano, Lucía, Sordo, Luis, Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto, Ronda, Elena, Belza, María José, Barrio, Gregorio, Regidor Poyatos, Enrique
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Pública de Navarra
Repositorio:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
OAI Identifier:oai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/52357
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2454/52357
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Cause of death
COVID-19 pandemic
Education
Mortality
Spain
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spelling Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality studyPulido, JoséDonat, MartaMoreno Lostao, AlmudenaPoliti, JulietaCea-Soriano, LucíaSordo, LuisMateo-Urdiales, AlbertoRonda, ElenaBelza, María JoséBarrio, GregorioRegidor Poyatos, EnriqueCause of deathCOVID-19 pandemicEducationMortalitySpainIntroduction: data on the increase in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic based on individuals' socioeconomic positions are limited. This study examines this increase in mortality in Spain during the epidemic waves of 2020 and 2021. Methods: we calculated the overall and cause-specific mortality rates during the 2017-2019 pre-pandemic period and four epidemic periods in 2020 and 2021 (first, second, third-fourth, and fifth-sixth waves). Mortality rates were analyzed based on educational levels (low, medium, and high) and across various age groups (25–64, 65–74, and 75+). The increase in mortality during each epidemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period was estimated using mortality rate ratios (MRR) derived from Poisson regression models. Results: an inverse educational gradient in overall mortality was observed across all periods; however, this pattern was not consistent for COVID-19 mortality in some age groups. Among those aged 75 years and older, highly educated individuals showed higher COVID-19 mortality during the first wave. In the 25-64 age group, individuals with low education experienced the highest overall mortality increase, while those with high education had the lowest increase. The MRRs were 1.21 and 1.06 during the first wave and 1.12 and 0.97 during the last epidemic period. In the 65–74 age group, highly educated individuals showed the highest overall mortality increase during the first wave, whereas medium-educated individuals had the highest increase during the subsequent epidemic periods. Among those aged 75 and older, highly educated individuals exhibited the highest overall mortality increase while the individuals with low education showed the lowest overall mortality increment, except during the last epidemic period. Conclusion: the varying educational patterns of COVID-19 mortality across different age groups contributed to the disparities of findings in increased overall mortality by education levels during the COVID-19 pandemic.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Grant no. PI21CIII/00045.Frontiers MediaSociología y Trabajo SocialSoziologia eta Gizarte Lana2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/ziphttps://hdl.handle.net/2454/52357reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarrainstname:Universidad Pública de NavarraInglés© 2024 Pulido, Donat, Moreno, Politi, Cea-Soriano, Sordo, Mateo-Urdiales, Ronda, Belza, Barrio and Regidor. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/523572026-06-17T12:41:47Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
title Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
spellingShingle Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
Pulido, José
Cause of death
COVID-19 pandemic
Education
Mortality
Spain
title_short Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
title_full Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
title_fullStr Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
title_full_unstemmed Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
title_sort Assessing educational disparities in COVID-19 related excess mortality in Spain: a population register-linked mortality study
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pulido, José
Donat, Marta
Moreno Lostao, Almudena
Politi, Julieta
Cea-Soriano, Lucía
Sordo, Luis
Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto
Ronda, Elena
Belza, María José
Barrio, Gregorio
Regidor Poyatos, Enrique
author Pulido, José
author_facet Pulido, José
Donat, Marta
Moreno Lostao, Almudena
Politi, Julieta
Cea-Soriano, Lucía
Sordo, Luis
Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto
Ronda, Elena
Belza, María José
Barrio, Gregorio
Regidor Poyatos, Enrique
author_role author
author2 Donat, Marta
Moreno Lostao, Almudena
Politi, Julieta
Cea-Soriano, Lucía
Sordo, Luis
Mateo-Urdiales, Alberto
Ronda, Elena
Belza, María José
Barrio, Gregorio
Regidor Poyatos, Enrique
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Sociología y Trabajo Social
Soziologia eta Gizarte Lana
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Cause of death
COVID-19 pandemic
Education
Mortality
Spain
topic Cause of death
COVID-19 pandemic
Education
Mortality
Spain
description Introduction: data on the increase in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic based on individuals' socioeconomic positions are limited. This study examines this increase in mortality in Spain during the epidemic waves of 2020 and 2021. Methods: we calculated the overall and cause-specific mortality rates during the 2017-2019 pre-pandemic period and four epidemic periods in 2020 and 2021 (first, second, third-fourth, and fifth-sixth waves). Mortality rates were analyzed based on educational levels (low, medium, and high) and across various age groups (25–64, 65–74, and 75+). The increase in mortality during each epidemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period was estimated using mortality rate ratios (MRR) derived from Poisson regression models. Results: an inverse educational gradient in overall mortality was observed across all periods; however, this pattern was not consistent for COVID-19 mortality in some age groups. Among those aged 75 years and older, highly educated individuals showed higher COVID-19 mortality during the first wave. In the 25-64 age group, individuals with low education experienced the highest overall mortality increase, while those with high education had the lowest increase. The MRRs were 1.21 and 1.06 during the first wave and 1.12 and 0.97 during the last epidemic period. In the 65–74 age group, highly educated individuals showed the highest overall mortality increase during the first wave, whereas medium-educated individuals had the highest increase during the subsequent epidemic periods. Among those aged 75 and older, highly educated individuals exhibited the highest overall mortality increase while the individuals with low education showed the lowest overall mortality increment, except during the last epidemic period. Conclusion: the varying educational patterns of COVID-19 mortality across different age groups contributed to the disparities of findings in increased overall mortality by education levels during the COVID-19 pandemic.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2454/52357
url https://hdl.handle.net/2454/52357
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/zip
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname:Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname_str Universidad Pública de Navarra
reponame_str Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
collection Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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