First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) as a good alternative malaria-diagnosis method in remote parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of commercial RDTs currently available detect the Plasmodium falciparum protein histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2...

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Autores: Berzosa, Pedro, González, Vicenta, Taravillo, Laura, Mayor Aparicio, Alfredo Gabriel, Romay Barja, María, García, Luz, Ncogo, Policarpo, Riloha, Matilde, Benito, Agustín
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/152320
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/152320
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Plasmodium falciparum
Àfrica subsahariana
Sub-Saharan Africa
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spelling First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial GuineaBerzosa, PedroGonzález, VicentaTaravillo, LauraMayor Aparicio, Alfredo GabrielRomay Barja, MaríaGarcía, LuzNcogo, PolicarpoRiloha, MatildeBenito, AgustínPlasmodium falciparumÀfrica subsaharianaPlasmodium falciparumSub-Saharan AfricaBackground: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) as a good alternative malaria-diagnosis method in remote parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of commercial RDTs currently available detect the Plasmodium falciparum protein histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). There have also been recent reports of pfhrp2 gene deletions being found in parasites collected from several African countries. The WHO has concluded that lacking the pfhrp2 gene must be monitored in Africa. The purpose of the study was to analyse why the samples that were positive by PCR were negative by RDTs and, therefore, to determine whether there have been deletions in the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes. Methods: Malaria NM-PCR was carried out on all the samples collected in the feld. A group of 128 samples was posi‑ tive by PCR but negative by RDT; these samples were classifed as RDT false-negatives. PCR was carried out for exon2 of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes to detect the presence or absence of these two genes. Frequencies with 95% confdence intervals (CIs) were used for prevalence estimates. Associations were assessed by the Chi square test or Fisher´s exact test. The level of signifcance was set at p≤0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using the software package SPSSv.15.0. Results: After PCR, 81 samples were identifed (4.7%, 95% CI 3.8–5.8) which had deletion in both genes, pfhrp2 and pfhrp3. Overall, however, 11 samples (0.6%, 95% CI 0.36–1.14) had deletion only in pfhrp2 but not in pfhrp3, and 15 (0.9%, 95% CI 0.6–1.5) presented with deletion only in pfhrp3 but not in pfhrp2. Considering the pfhrp2 gene sepa‑ rately, within the total of 1724 samples, 92 (5.3%, 95% CI 4.37–6.5) had evidence of deletion. Conclusion: The present study provides the frst evidence of deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in P. falciparum isolates from Equatorial Guinea. However, larger studies across diferent regions within the country and across diferent seasonal profles are needed to determine the full extent of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletion. It is strongly recom‑ mended to implement an active surveillance programme in order to detect any increases in pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 dele‑ tion frequencies.BioMed Central2020202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion9 p.application/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/152320Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03178-9Malaria Journal, 2020, vol. 19http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03178-9(c) 105926 - BioMed Central - S , 2020cc by (c) Berzosa et al., 2020http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/1523202026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
title First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
spellingShingle First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
Berzosa, Pedro
Plasmodium falciparum
Àfrica subsahariana
Plasmodium falciparum
Sub-Saharan Africa
title_short First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
title_full First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
title_fullStr First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
title_full_unstemmed First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
title_sort First evidence of the deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Berzosa, Pedro
González, Vicenta
Taravillo, Laura
Mayor Aparicio, Alfredo Gabriel
Romay Barja, María
García, Luz
Ncogo, Policarpo
Riloha, Matilde
Benito, Agustín
author Berzosa, Pedro
author_facet Berzosa, Pedro
González, Vicenta
Taravillo, Laura
Mayor Aparicio, Alfredo Gabriel
Romay Barja, María
García, Luz
Ncogo, Policarpo
Riloha, Matilde
Benito, Agustín
author_role author
author2 González, Vicenta
Taravillo, Laura
Mayor Aparicio, Alfredo Gabriel
Romay Barja, María
García, Luz
Ncogo, Policarpo
Riloha, Matilde
Benito, Agustín
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Plasmodium falciparum
Àfrica subsahariana
Plasmodium falciparum
Sub-Saharan Africa
topic Plasmodium falciparum
Àfrica subsahariana
Plasmodium falciparum
Sub-Saharan Africa
description Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) as a good alternative malaria-diagnosis method in remote parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of commercial RDTs currently available detect the Plasmodium falciparum protein histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). There have also been recent reports of pfhrp2 gene deletions being found in parasites collected from several African countries. The WHO has concluded that lacking the pfhrp2 gene must be monitored in Africa. The purpose of the study was to analyse why the samples that were positive by PCR were negative by RDTs and, therefore, to determine whether there have been deletions in the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes. Methods: Malaria NM-PCR was carried out on all the samples collected in the feld. A group of 128 samples was posi‑ tive by PCR but negative by RDT; these samples were classifed as RDT false-negatives. PCR was carried out for exon2 of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes to detect the presence or absence of these two genes. Frequencies with 95% confdence intervals (CIs) were used for prevalence estimates. Associations were assessed by the Chi square test or Fisher´s exact test. The level of signifcance was set at p≤0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using the software package SPSSv.15.0. Results: After PCR, 81 samples were identifed (4.7%, 95% CI 3.8–5.8) which had deletion in both genes, pfhrp2 and pfhrp3. Overall, however, 11 samples (0.6%, 95% CI 0.36–1.14) had deletion only in pfhrp2 but not in pfhrp3, and 15 (0.9%, 95% CI 0.6–1.5) presented with deletion only in pfhrp3 but not in pfhrp2. Considering the pfhrp2 gene sepa‑ rately, within the total of 1724 samples, 92 (5.3%, 95% CI 4.37–6.5) had evidence of deletion. Conclusion: The present study provides the frst evidence of deletion in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes in P. falciparum isolates from Equatorial Guinea. However, larger studies across diferent regions within the country and across diferent seasonal profles are needed to determine the full extent of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletion. It is strongly recom‑ mended to implement an active surveillance programme in order to detect any increases in pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 dele‑ tion frequencies.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/152320
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/152320
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03178-9
Malaria Journal, 2020, vol. 19
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03178-9
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv (c) 105926 - BioMed Central - S , 2020
cc by (c) Berzosa et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv (c) 105926 - BioMed Central - S , 2020
cc by (c) Berzosa et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 9 p.
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioMed Central
publisher.none.fl_str_mv BioMed Central
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
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