Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416

Highly magnified stars (μ>100) are now routinely identified as transient events at cosmological distances thanks to microlensing by intra-cluster stars near the critical curves of galaxy clusters. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in combination with the Hubble Space Telescope, we outli...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Palencia, Jose María, Diego, José María, Dai, Liang, Pascale, Massimo, Windhorst, Rogier A., Koekemoer, Anton M., Li, Sung Kei, Kavanagh, Bradley J., Sun, Fengwu, Alfred, Amruth, Meena, Ashish Kumar, Broadhurst, Tom, Kelly, Patrick L., Perera, Derek, Williams, Hayley, Zitrin, Adi
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/398742
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/398742
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Gravitational lensing: strong
Gravitational lensing: micro
Methods: observational
Stars: abundances
Stars: AGB and post-AGB
Galaxies: high-redshift
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spelling Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416Palencia, Jose MaríaDiego, José MaríaDai, LiangPascale, MassimoWindhorst, Rogier A.Koekemoer, Anton M.Li, Sung KeiKavanagh, Bradley J.Sun, FengwuAlfred, AmruthMeena, Ashish KumarBroadhurst, TomKelly, Patrick L.Perera, DerekWilliams, HayleyZitrin, AdiGravitational lensing: strongGravitational lensing: microMethods: observationalStars: abundancesStars: AGB and post-AGBGalaxies: high-redshiftHighly magnified stars (μ>100) are now routinely identified as transient events at cosmological distances thanks to microlensing by intra-cluster stars near the critical curves of galaxy clusters. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in combination with the Hubble Space Telescope, we outline here an analytical framework that is applied to the Warhol arc (at z = 0.94) in the MACS 0416 galaxy cluster (at z = 0.396), where over a dozen microlensed stars have been detected to date. This method is general and can be applied to other lensed arcs. Within this lensed galaxy, we fit the spatially resolved spectral energy distribution spanned by eight JWST-NIRCam filters combined with three ACS filters, for accurate lensed star predictions in 2D. With this tool we can generate 2D maps of microlensed stars for well-resolved arcs in general, incorporating wavelength dependence and limiting apparent magnitude. These maps can be directly compared with planned cadenced campaigns from JWST and Hubble, offering a means to constrain the initial mass function and the level of dark matter substructure.J.M.P. acknowledges financial support from the Formación de Personal Investigador (FPI) programme, ref. PRE2020-096261, associated with the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación project MDM-2017-0765-20-2. J.M.D. acknowledges the support of project PGC2018-101814-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/MINECO/FEDER, UE) Ministerio de Ciencia, Investigación y Universidades. B.J.K. acknowledges funding from the Ramón y Cajal Grant RYC2021-034757-I, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR. S.K.L. acknowledges support from the Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong through the General Research Fund (GRF) 17312122. This research is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and James-Webb Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5–26555. These observations are associated with programs GO-13496, GO-15936, and GO-16278, as well as by GTO-1176 and GTO-1208.Peer reviewedEDP SciencesAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)European CommissionResearch Grants Council (Hong Kong)European Space AgencyNASAConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/398742reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//PRE2020-096261info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-101814-B-I00info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//MDM-2017-0765info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//RYC2021-034757-IThe data are available at MAST: https://doi.org/10.17909/gvxn-w422https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555447Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3987422026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
title Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
spellingShingle Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
Palencia, Jose María
Gravitational lensing: strong
Gravitational lensing: micro
Methods: observational
Stars: abundances
Stars: AGB and post-AGB
Galaxies: high-redshift
title_short Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
title_full Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
title_fullStr Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
title_full_unstemmed Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
title_sort Microlensing at cosmological distances: Event rate predictions in the Warhol arc of MACS 0416
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Palencia, Jose María
Diego, José María
Dai, Liang
Pascale, Massimo
Windhorst, Rogier A.
Koekemoer, Anton M.
Li, Sung Kei
Kavanagh, Bradley J.
Sun, Fengwu
Alfred, Amruth
Meena, Ashish Kumar
Broadhurst, Tom
Kelly, Patrick L.
Perera, Derek
Williams, Hayley
Zitrin, Adi
author Palencia, Jose María
author_facet Palencia, Jose María
Diego, José María
Dai, Liang
Pascale, Massimo
Windhorst, Rogier A.
Koekemoer, Anton M.
Li, Sung Kei
Kavanagh, Bradley J.
Sun, Fengwu
Alfred, Amruth
Meena, Ashish Kumar
Broadhurst, Tom
Kelly, Patrick L.
Perera, Derek
Williams, Hayley
Zitrin, Adi
author_role author
author2 Diego, José María
Dai, Liang
Pascale, Massimo
Windhorst, Rogier A.
Koekemoer, Anton M.
Li, Sung Kei
Kavanagh, Bradley J.
Sun, Fengwu
Alfred, Amruth
Meena, Ashish Kumar
Broadhurst, Tom
Kelly, Patrick L.
Perera, Derek
Williams, Hayley
Zitrin, Adi
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
European Commission
Research Grants Council (Hong Kong)
European Space Agency
NASA
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Gravitational lensing: strong
Gravitational lensing: micro
Methods: observational
Stars: abundances
Stars: AGB and post-AGB
Galaxies: high-redshift
topic Gravitational lensing: strong
Gravitational lensing: micro
Methods: observational
Stars: abundances
Stars: AGB and post-AGB
Galaxies: high-redshift
description Highly magnified stars (μ>100) are now routinely identified as transient events at cosmological distances thanks to microlensing by intra-cluster stars near the critical curves of galaxy clusters. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in combination with the Hubble Space Telescope, we outline here an analytical framework that is applied to the Warhol arc (at z = 0.94) in the MACS 0416 galaxy cluster (at z = 0.396), where over a dozen microlensed stars have been detected to date. This method is general and can be applied to other lensed arcs. Within this lensed galaxy, we fit the spatially resolved spectral energy distribution spanned by eight JWST-NIRCam filters combined with three ACS filters, for accurate lensed star predictions in 2D. With this tool we can generate 2D maps of microlensed stars for well-resolved arcs in general, incorporating wavelength dependence and limiting apparent magnitude. These maps can be directly compared with planned cadenced campaigns from JWST and Hubble, offering a means to constrain the initial mass function and the level of dark matter substructure.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/398742
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/398742
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//PRE2020-096261
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PGC2018-101814-B-I00
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//MDM-2017-0765
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//RYC2021-034757-I
The data are available at MAST: https://doi.org/10.17909/gvxn-w422
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555447
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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