Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe

Heat pumps (HP) are an efficient alternative to non-electric heating systems (NEHS), being a cost-effective mean to support European building sector decarbonization. The paper studies HP and NEHS performance in residential buildings, under different climate conditions and energy tariffs, in six diff...

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Autores: Eguiarte, Olaia, Garrido Marijuán, Antonio, De Agustín Camacho, Pablo, Del Portillo Valdés, Luis Alfonso, Romero Amorrortu, Ander
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/45945
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/45945
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:heat pumps
primary energy
electric mix
urban-scale decarbonization
dynamic energy tariffs
heating demand management
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spelling Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in EuropeEguiarte, OlaiaGarrido Marijuán, AntonioDe Agustín Camacho, PabloDel Portillo Valdés, Luis AlfonsoRomero Amorrortu, Anderheat pumpsprimary energyelectric mixurban-scale decarbonizationdynamic energy tariffsheating demand managementHeat pumps (HP) are an efficient alternative to non-electric heating systems (NEHS), being a cost-effective mean to support European building sector decarbonization. The paper studies HP and NEHS performance in residential buildings, under different climate conditions and energy tariffs, in six different European countries. Furthermore, a primary energy and environmental analysis is performed to evaluate if the use of HPs is more convenient than NEHS, based on different factors of the electric mix in each country. A specific HP model is developed considering the main physical phenomena occurring along its cycle. Open data from building, climatic and economic sources are used to feed the analysis. Ad hoc primary energy factors and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission coefficients are calculated for the selected countries. The costs and the environmental impact for both heating systems are then compared. The outcomes of the study suggest that, in highly fossil fuels dependent electricity mixes, the use of NEHS represents a more efficient decarbonization approach than HP, in spite of its higher efficiency. Additionally, the actual high price of the electric kWh hampers the use of HP in certain cases.Research leading to these results was supported by HOLISDER project. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 768614. The APC was funded by HOLISDER project. This study reflects only the authors’ views and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.MDPIEuropean Commission2020202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/45945reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/768614https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3939info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/459452026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
title Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
spellingShingle Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
Eguiarte, Olaia
heat pumps
primary energy
electric mix
urban-scale decarbonization
dynamic energy tariffs
heating demand management
title_short Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
title_full Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
title_fullStr Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
title_full_unstemmed Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
title_sort Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Eguiarte, Olaia
Garrido Marijuán, Antonio
De Agustín Camacho, Pablo
Del Portillo Valdés, Luis Alfonso
Romero Amorrortu, Ander
author Eguiarte, Olaia
author_facet Eguiarte, Olaia
Garrido Marijuán, Antonio
De Agustín Camacho, Pablo
Del Portillo Valdés, Luis Alfonso
Romero Amorrortu, Ander
author_role author
author2 Garrido Marijuán, Antonio
De Agustín Camacho, Pablo
Del Portillo Valdés, Luis Alfonso
Romero Amorrortu, Ander
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Commission
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv heat pumps
primary energy
electric mix
urban-scale decarbonization
dynamic energy tariffs
heating demand management
topic heat pumps
primary energy
electric mix
urban-scale decarbonization
dynamic energy tariffs
heating demand management
description Heat pumps (HP) are an efficient alternative to non-electric heating systems (NEHS), being a cost-effective mean to support European building sector decarbonization. The paper studies HP and NEHS performance in residential buildings, under different climate conditions and energy tariffs, in six different European countries. Furthermore, a primary energy and environmental analysis is performed to evaluate if the use of HPs is more convenient than NEHS, based on different factors of the electric mix in each country. A specific HP model is developed considering the main physical phenomena occurring along its cycle. Open data from building, climatic and economic sources are used to feed the analysis. Ad hoc primary energy factors and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission coefficients are calculated for the selected countries. The costs and the environmental impact for both heating systems are then compared. The outcomes of the study suggest that, in highly fossil fuels dependent electricity mixes, the use of NEHS represents a more efficient decarbonization approach than HP, in spite of its higher efficiency. Additionally, the actual high price of the electric kWh hampers the use of HP in certain cases.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/45945
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/45945
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/768614
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3939
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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