Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta

Context. Dust deposits or dust cover are a prevalent morphology in the northern hemi-nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The evolution of the dust deposits was captured by the OSIRIS camera system onboard the Rosetta spacecraft having escorted the comet for over two years. The observat...

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Authors: Hu, X., Shi, X., Sierks, H., Fulle, M., Blum, J., Keller, H.U., Kührt, E., Davidsson, B., Güttler, C., Gundlach, B., Pajola, M., Bodewits, D., Vincent, J.B., Oklay, N., Massironi, M., Fornasier, S., Tubiana, C., Groussin, O., Boudreault, S., Höfner, S., Mottola, S., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P.L., Rodrigo Montero, Rafael, Koschny, D., Rickman, H., A'Hearn, M. F., Agarwal, J., Barucci, M.A., Bertaux, J.L., Bertini, I., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, Vania, Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Deller, J., El-Maarry, M. R., Gicquel, A., Gutierrez-Marques, P., Gutiérrez, Pedro J., Hofmann, M., Hviid, S.F., Ip, W. H., Jorda, L., Knollenberg, J., Kovacs, G., Kramm, J.R., Küppers, M., Lara, Luisa María, López-Moreno, José Juan
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2017
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/167538
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/167538
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Comets: general
Gerasimenko
Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov
id ES_c9527d2faafdb159e49463e16adeec91
oai_identifier_str oai:digital.csic.es:10261/167538
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
title Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
spellingShingle Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
Hu, X.
Comets: general
Gerasimenko
Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov
title_short Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
title_full Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
title_fullStr Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
title_sort Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard Rosetta
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Hu, X.
Shi, X.
Sierks, H.
Fulle, M.
Blum, J.
Keller, H.U.
Kührt, E.
Davidsson, B.
Güttler, C.
Gundlach, B.
Pajola, M.
Bodewits, D.
Vincent, J.B.
Oklay, N.
Massironi, M.
Fornasier, S.
Tubiana, C.
Groussin, O.
Boudreault, S.
Höfner, S.
Mottola, S.
Barbieri, C.
Lamy, P.L.
Rodrigo Montero, Rafael
Koschny, D.
Rickman, H.
A'Hearn, M. F.
Agarwal, J.
Barucci, M.A.
Bertaux, J.L.
Bertini, I.
Cremonese, G.
Da Deppo, Vania
Debei, S.
De Cecco, M.
Deller, J.
El-Maarry, M. R.
Gicquel, A.
Gutierrez-Marques, P.
Gutiérrez, Pedro J.
Hofmann, M.
Hviid, S.F.
Ip, W. H.
Jorda, L.
Knollenberg, J.
Kovacs, G.
Kramm, J.R.
Küppers, M.
Lara, Luisa María
López-Moreno, José Juan
author Hu, X.
author_facet Hu, X.
Shi, X.
Sierks, H.
Fulle, M.
Blum, J.
Keller, H.U.
Kührt, E.
Davidsson, B.
Güttler, C.
Gundlach, B.
Pajola, M.
Bodewits, D.
Vincent, J.B.
Oklay, N.
Massironi, M.
Fornasier, S.
Tubiana, C.
Groussin, O.
Boudreault, S.
Höfner, S.
Mottola, S.
Barbieri, C.
Lamy, P.L.
Rodrigo Montero, Rafael
Koschny, D.
Rickman, H.
A'Hearn, M. F.
Agarwal, J.
Barucci, M.A.
Bertaux, J.L.
Bertini, I.
Cremonese, G.
Da Deppo, Vania
Debei, S.
De Cecco, M.
Deller, J.
El-Maarry, M. R.
Gicquel, A.
Gutierrez-Marques, P.
Gutiérrez, Pedro J.
Hofmann, M.
Hviid, S.F.
Ip, W. H.
Jorda, L.
Knollenberg, J.
Kovacs, G.
Kramm, J.R.
Küppers, M.
Lara, Luisa María
López-Moreno, José Juan
author_role author
author2 Shi, X.
Sierks, H.
Fulle, M.
Blum, J.
Keller, H.U.
Kührt, E.
Davidsson, B.
Güttler, C.
Gundlach, B.
Pajola, M.
Bodewits, D.
Vincent, J.B.
Oklay, N.
Massironi, M.
Fornasier, S.
Tubiana, C.
Groussin, O.
Boudreault, S.
Höfner, S.
Mottola, S.
Barbieri, C.
Lamy, P.L.
Rodrigo Montero, Rafael
Koschny, D.
Rickman, H.
A'Hearn, M. F.
Agarwal, J.
Barucci, M.A.
Bertaux, J.L.
Bertini, I.
Cremonese, G.
Da Deppo, Vania
Debei, S.
De Cecco, M.
Deller, J.
El-Maarry, M. R.
Gicquel, A.
Gutierrez-Marques, P.
Gutiérrez, Pedro J.
Hofmann, M.
Hviid, S.F.
Ip, W. H.
Jorda, L.
Knollenberg, J.
Kovacs, G.
Kramm, J.R.
Küppers, M.
Lara, Luisa María
López-Moreno, José Juan
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
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author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv European Space Agency
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
Swedish National Space Board
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
International Max Planck Research Schools
German Centre for Air and Space Travel
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Comets: general
Gerasimenko
Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov
topic Comets: general
Gerasimenko
Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov
description Context. Dust deposits or dust cover are a prevalent morphology in the northern hemi-nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The evolution of the dust deposits was captured by the OSIRIS camera system onboard the Rosetta spacecraft having escorted the comet for over two years. The observations shed light on the fundamental role of cometary activity in shaping and transforming the surface morphology. Aims. We aim to present OSIRIS observations of surface changes over the dust deposits before and after perihelion. The distribution of changes and a timeline of their occurrence are provided. We perform a data analysis to quantify the surface changes and investigate their correlation to water activity from the dust deposits. We further discuss how the results of our investigation are related to other findings from the Rosetta mission. Methods. Surface changes were detected via systematic comparison of images, and quantified using shape-from-shading technique. Thermal models were applied to estimate the erosion of water ice in response to the increasing insolation over the areas where surface changes occurred. Modeling results were used for the interpretation of the observed surface changes. Results. Surface changes discussed here were concentrated at mid-latitudes, between about 20â-N and 40â-N, marking a global transition from the dust-covered to rugged terrains. The changes were distributed in open areas exposed to ample solar illumination and likely subject to enhanced surface erosion before perihelion. The occurrence of changes followed the southward migration of the sub-solar point across the latitudes of their distribution. The erosion at locations of most changes was at least about 0.5 m, but most likely did not exceed several meters. The erosive features before perihelion had given way to a fresh, smooth cover of dust deposits after perihelion, suggesting that the dust deposits had been globally restored by at least about 1 m with ejecta from the intensely illuminated southern hemi-nucleus around perihelion, when the north was inactive during polar night. Conclusions. The erosion and restoration of the northern dust deposits are morphological expressions of seasonality on 67P. Based on observations and thermal modeling results, it is inferred that the dust deposits contained a few percent of water ice in mass on average. Local inhomogeneity in water abundance at spatial scales below tens of meters is likely. We suspect that dust ejected from the deposits may not have escaped the comet in bulk. That is, at least half of the ejected mass was afloat in the inner-coma or/and redeposited over other areas of the nucleus.© 2017 ESO.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2017
2018
2018
2018
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/167538
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/167538
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Seasonal erosion and restoration of the dust cover on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as observed by OSIRIS onboard RosettaHu, X.Shi, X.Sierks, H.Fulle, M.Blum, J.Keller, H.U.Kührt, E.Davidsson, B.Güttler, C.Gundlach, B.Pajola, M.Bodewits, D.Vincent, J.B.Oklay, N.Massironi, M.Fornasier, S.Tubiana, C.Groussin, O.Boudreault, S.Höfner, S.Mottola, S.Barbieri, C.Lamy, P.L.Rodrigo Montero, RafaelKoschny, D.Rickman, H.A'Hearn, M. F.Agarwal, J.Barucci, M.A.Bertaux, J.L.Bertini, I.Cremonese, G.Da Deppo, VaniaDebei, S.De Cecco, M.Deller, J.El-Maarry, M. R.Gicquel, A.Gutierrez-Marques, P.Gutiérrez, Pedro J.Hofmann, M.Hviid, S.F.Ip, W. H.Jorda, L.Knollenberg, J.Kovacs, G.Kramm, J.R.Küppers, M.Lara, Luisa MaríaLópez-Moreno, José JuanComets: generalGerasimenkoComets: individual: 67P/ChuryumovContext. Dust deposits or dust cover are a prevalent morphology in the northern hemi-nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The evolution of the dust deposits was captured by the OSIRIS camera system onboard the Rosetta spacecraft having escorted the comet for over two years. The observations shed light on the fundamental role of cometary activity in shaping and transforming the surface morphology. Aims. We aim to present OSIRIS observations of surface changes over the dust deposits before and after perihelion. The distribution of changes and a timeline of their occurrence are provided. We perform a data analysis to quantify the surface changes and investigate their correlation to water activity from the dust deposits. We further discuss how the results of our investigation are related to other findings from the Rosetta mission. Methods. Surface changes were detected via systematic comparison of images, and quantified using shape-from-shading technique. Thermal models were applied to estimate the erosion of water ice in response to the increasing insolation over the areas where surface changes occurred. Modeling results were used for the interpretation of the observed surface changes. Results. Surface changes discussed here were concentrated at mid-latitudes, between about 20â-N and 40â-N, marking a global transition from the dust-covered to rugged terrains. The changes were distributed in open areas exposed to ample solar illumination and likely subject to enhanced surface erosion before perihelion. The occurrence of changes followed the southward migration of the sub-solar point across the latitudes of their distribution. The erosion at locations of most changes was at least about 0.5 m, but most likely did not exceed several meters. The erosive features before perihelion had given way to a fresh, smooth cover of dust deposits after perihelion, suggesting that the dust deposits had been globally restored by at least about 1 m with ejecta from the intensely illuminated southern hemi-nucleus around perihelion, when the north was inactive during polar night. Conclusions. The erosion and restoration of the northern dust deposits are morphological expressions of seasonality on 67P. Based on observations and thermal modeling results, it is inferred that the dust deposits contained a few percent of water ice in mass on average. Local inhomogeneity in water abundance at spatial scales below tens of meters is likely. We suspect that dust ejected from the deposits may not have escaped the comet in bulk. That is, at least half of the ejected mass was afloat in the inner-coma or/and redeposited over other areas of the nucleus.© 2017 ESO.X. Hu acknowledges the financial support from the International Max Planck Research School for Solar System Science in Gottingen.The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.Peer ReviewedEDP SciencesEuropean Space AgencyCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)Agenzia Spaziale ItalianaSwedish National Space BoardMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad (España)International Max Planck Research SchoolsGerman Centre for Air and Space TravelConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2018201820172018info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/167538reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)InglésSíinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1675382026-05-22T06:33:51Z
score 15,81155

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