A 14-Item Mediterranean Diet Assessment Tool and Obesity Indexes among High-Risk Subjects: The PREDIMED Trial

Objective: Independently of total caloric intake, a better quality of the diet (for example, conformity to the Mediterranean diet) is associated with lower obesity risk. It is unclear whether a brief dietary assessment tool, instead of full-length comprehensive methods, can also capture this associa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel Angel, Garcia-Arellano, Ana, Toledo, Estefanía, Salas-Salvado, Jordi, Buil-Cosiales, Pilar, Corella, Dolores, Isabel Covas, Maria, Schroeder, Helmut, Aros, Fernando, Gomez-Gracia, Enrique, Fiol Sala, Miquel, Ruiz-Gutierrez, Valentina, Lapetra, Jose, Lamuela-Raventos, Rosa Maria, Serra-Majem, Lluis, Pinto, Xavier, Munoz, Miguel Angel, Waernberg, Julia, Ros, Emilio, Estruch, Ramon, PREDIMED Study Investigators
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2012
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/13061
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/13061
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Risk
Female
Male
Diet
Obesity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Humans
Feeding Behavior
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Middle Aged
Waist Circumference
Surveys and Questionnaires
Odds Ratio
Diet, Mediterranean
Body Mass Index
Estudios Transversales
Riesgo
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Obesidad
Anciano
Anciano de 80 o más Años
Encuestas y Cuestionarios
Índice de Masa Corporal
Dieta Mediterránea
Oportunidad Relativa
Femenino
Dieta
Masculino
Conducta Alimentaria
Circunferencia de la Cintura
Descripción
Sumario:Objective: Independently of total caloric intake, a better quality of the diet (for example, conformity to the Mediterranean diet) is associated with lower obesity risk. It is unclear whether a brief dietary assessment tool, instead of full-length comprehensive methods, can also capture this association. In addition to reduced costs, a brief tool has the interesting advantage of allowing immediate feedback to participants in interventional studies. Another relevant question is which individual items of such a brief tool are responsible for this association. We examined these associations using a 14-item tool of adherence to the Mediterranean diet as exposure and body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as outcomes. Design: Cross-sectional assessment of all participants in the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea'' (PREDIMED) trial. Subjects: 7,447 participants (55-80 years, 57% women) free of cardiovascular disease, but with either type 2 diabetes or >= 3 cardiovascular risk factors. Trained dietitians used both a validated 14-item questionnaire and a full-length validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary habits. Trained nurses measured weight, height and waist circumference. Results: Strong inverse linear associations between the 14-item tool and all adiposity indexes were found. For a two-point increment in the 14-item score, the multivariable-adjusted differences in WHtR were -0.0066 (95% confidence interval, -0.0088 to -0.0049) for women and -0.0059 (-0.0079 to -0.0038) for men. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for a WHtR>0.6 in participants scoring >= 10 points versus <= 7 points was 0.68 (0.57 to 0.80) for women and 0.66 (0.54 to 0.80) for men. High consumption of nuts and low consumption of sweetened/carbonated beverages presented the strongest inverse associations with abdominal obesity. Conclusions: A brief 14-item tool was able to capture a strong monotonic inverse association between adherence to a good quality dietary pattern (Mediterranean diet) and obesity indexes in a population of adults at high cardiovascular risk.