Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile

21 Pags.- 8 Figs.- 8 Tabls. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Salazar, Osvaldo, Díaz, Renato, Nario, Adriana, Videla, Ximena, Alonso-Ayuso, María, Quemada, Miguel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/252543
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/252543
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cover crops
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen
nitrogen leaching
nitrogen efficiency
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spelling Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean ChileSalazar, OsvaldoDíaz, RenatoNario, AdrianaVidela, XimenaAlonso-Ayuso, MaríaQuemada, MiguelCover cropsDissolved inorganic nitrogennitrogen leachingnitrogen efficiency21 Pags.- 8 Figs.- 8 Tabls. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.Nitrogen (N) in a maize crop is a determining yield factor, but its negative impact on the environment is also known. Therefore, it is necessary to propose mitigation strategies that allow an improvement in the N fertilizer efficiency (NFE), such as the use of cover crops (CC) and the adjustment of the fertilizer dose. The objective of the study was to determine NFE using 15N isotopic techniques and nitrate (NO3−) leaching in a maize–fallow versus a maize–CC rotation with optimal and excessive doses of N in the Mediterranean area of Chile. The treatments were a combination of crop rotation (maize–fallow versus maize–CC of Lolium multiflorum) with the optimal dose of N (250 kg ha−1) or excessive dose (400 kg ha−1). We found that the optimal dose of maize–CC rotation contributed to reducing the losses of N by leaching and improving the NFE. Using the optimal dose decreased the dissolved inorganic N (DIN) emission intensity by 50% compared to the excessive doses. Even if grain yield was higher (19 t ha−1) when applying the excessive N dose, the NFE (28%) was lower than when applying the optimal dose (40%). In the maize–CC rotation with optimal dose, yield was 17 Mg ha−1. The excessive N dose generated higher DIN content at the end of the maize season (177 kg N ha−1). In conclusion, replacing the traditional autumn–winter fallow in the maize monoculture with a CC with optimal N dose contributed to improving NFE and reducing N leaching in a Mediterranean agricultural system. Consequently, it is a strategy to consider as it has positive advantages in soil and N management, helping to reduce diffuse pollution of surface and groundwater bodies.This research was funded by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), project: Enhancing Livelihood through Improving Water Use Efficiency Associated with Adaptation Strategies and Climate Change Mitigation in Agriculture (ARCAL CLVIII) grant no. RLA5077. This research was partially funded by FONDECYT Regular 2020 grant no. 1201497 and Comunidad de Madrid, Spain under Grant AGRISOST-CM S2018/BAA-4330 and European Structural Funds.Peer reviewedMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing InstituteInternational Atomic Energy AgencyFondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile)Comunidad de MadridEuropean CommissionAlonso-Ayuso, María [0000-0002-4401-790X]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/252543reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttps://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080721Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2525432026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
title Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
spellingShingle Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
Salazar, Osvaldo
Cover crops
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen
nitrogen leaching
nitrogen efficiency
title_short Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
title_full Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
title_fullStr Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
title_full_unstemmed Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
title_sort Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency Determined by the 15N Dilution Technique in Maize Followed or Not by a Cover Crop in Mediterranean Chile
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Salazar, Osvaldo
Díaz, Renato
Nario, Adriana
Videla, Ximena
Alonso-Ayuso, María
Quemada, Miguel
author Salazar, Osvaldo
author_facet Salazar, Osvaldo
Díaz, Renato
Nario, Adriana
Videla, Ximena
Alonso-Ayuso, María
Quemada, Miguel
author_role author
author2 Díaz, Renato
Nario, Adriana
Videla, Ximena
Alonso-Ayuso, María
Quemada, Miguel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv International Atomic Energy Agency
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile)
Comunidad de Madrid
European Commission
Alonso-Ayuso, María [0000-0002-4401-790X]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Cover crops
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen
nitrogen leaching
nitrogen efficiency
topic Cover crops
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen
nitrogen leaching
nitrogen efficiency
description 21 Pags.- 8 Figs.- 8 Tabls. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/252543
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/252543
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080721
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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