Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns

Menéndez González, Iris; Gómez Cano, Ana Rosa; Cantalapiedra, Juan L.; Blanco, Fernando; Gamboa Jurado-Centurión, Sara; Pelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S.; Galli, Anna Emilia; Quesada García, Álvaro; Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles; Hernández Fernández, Manuel

Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns

Aim: Habitat breadth shapes species' responses to environmental change and influences large- scale biodiversity patterns. According to Vrba's resource-use hypothesis, biome specialists (inhabiting a single biome) exhibit higher speciation rates than generalists due to increased populatio...

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Autores:	Menéndez González, Iris, Gómez Cano, Ana Rosa, Cantalapiedra, Juan L., Blanco, Fernando, Gamboa Jurado-Centurión, Sara, Pelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S., Galli, Anna Emilia, Quesada García, Álvaro, Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles, Hernández Fernández, Manuel
Tipo de recurso:	artículo
Fecha de publicación:	2026
País:	España
Institución:	Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:	Docta Complutense
Idioma:	inglés
OAI Identifier:	oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/131586
Acceso en línea:	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/131586
Access Level:	acceso abierto
Palabra clave:	599.322.2"628" Biome specialisation Diversity patterns Recent speciation rates Resource-use hypothesis Sciuridae Squirrels Biología Evolución Mamíferos Ecología (Biología) Zoología 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2401 Biología Animal (Zoología) 2401.06 Ecología Animal 2401.18 Mamíferos 2401.23 Vertebrados

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network_name_str	España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
title	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
spellingShingle	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns Menéndez González, Iris 599.322.2"628" Biome specialisation Diversity patterns Recent speciation rates Resource-use hypothesis Sciuridae Squirrels Biología Evolución Mamíferos Ecología (Biología) Zoología 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2401 Biología Animal (Zoología) 2401.06 Ecología Animal 2401.18 Mamíferos 2401.23 Vertebrados
title_short	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
title_full	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
title_fullStr	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
title_full_unstemmed	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
title_sort	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Menéndez González, Iris Gómez Cano, Ana Rosa Cantalapiedra, Juan L. Blanco, Fernando Gamboa Jurado-Centurión, Sara Pelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S. Galli, Anna Emilia Quesada García, Álvaro Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles Hernández Fernández, Manuel
author	Menéndez González, Iris
author_facet	Menéndez González, Iris Gómez Cano, Ana Rosa Cantalapiedra, Juan L. Blanco, Fernando Gamboa Jurado-Centurión, Sara Pelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S. Galli, Anna Emilia Quesada García, Álvaro Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles Hernández Fernández, Manuel
author_role	author
author2	Gómez Cano, Ana Rosa Cantalapiedra, Juan L. Blanco, Fernando Gamboa Jurado-Centurión, Sara Pelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S. Galli, Anna Emilia Quesada García, Álvaro Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles Hernández Fernández, Manuel
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	599.322.2"628" Biome specialisation Diversity patterns Recent speciation rates Resource-use hypothesis Sciuridae Squirrels Biología Evolución Mamíferos Ecología (Biología) Zoología 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2401 Biología Animal (Zoología) 2401.06 Ecología Animal 2401.18 Mamíferos 2401.23 Vertebrados
topic	599.322.2"628" Biome specialisation Diversity patterns Recent speciation rates Resource-use hypothesis Sciuridae Squirrels Biología Evolución Mamíferos Ecología (Biología) Zoología 24 Ciencias de la Vida 2401 Biología Animal (Zoología) 2401.06 Ecología Animal 2401.18 Mamíferos 2401.23 Vertebrados
description	Aim: Habitat breadth shapes species' responses to environmental change and influences large- scale biodiversity patterns. According to Vrba's resource-use hypothesis, biome specialists (inhabiting a single biome) exhibit higher speciation rates than generalists due to increased population isolation during habitat fragmentation, generally associated with past climate changes, particularly in biomes at extremes of the global climatic gradient. However, the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of biome specialists remains poorly understood. Here, we use squirrels to assess whether: (1) clades accumulate more specialist species than expected by chance, (2) this accumulation is associated with biomes at the extremes of the climatic gradient (tropical rainforest, subtropical desert, steppe and tundra), (3) habitat specialisation relates to geographic patterns of phylogenetic diversity and (4) species- level recent speciation rates. Location: Global. Taxon: Squirrels (Sciuridae, Rodentia). Methods: We compared observed biome specialisation indices (BSI) of species to MCMC-generated null distributions. We then mapped global patterns of specialist and generalist richness, phylogenetic diversity and recent species- level speciation rates. Results: Squirrels include more biome specialists than expected under a null model that randomises biome occupancy, supporting the resource-use hypothesis. Tropical rainforests and steppes harboured more specialists than expected, whereas deserts and tundra did not, the latter likely due to their low species richness. Regions with high specialist richness (e.g., Southeast Asia) exhibited lower levels of phylogenetic diversity, consistent with Miocene speciation. In contrast, high recent speciation occurred in Holarctic steppes and South America, likely reflecting Pleistocene glacial radiations and post- Panamanian colonisation, respectively. Main Conclusions: During periods of climatic change, the origin of new specialist lineages through rapid speciation led to specialist-dominated and phylogenetically clustered faunas, particularly in fragmented biomes. However, recent speciation rates reflect emerging rather than historical diversification hotspots. The Sunda Shelf emerges as a key conservation priority due to its exceptional richness, low phylogenetic diversity and concentration of endemic specialists.
publishDate	2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2026 2026-01-13 2026 2026-01-13
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 VoR http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format	article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/131586
url	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/131586
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés eng
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
language	eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PGC2018-094955-A-I00 COMPARACION MULTIDISCIPLINAR INTER-HEMISFERIO: ESTUDIO BIOGEOQUIMICO Y PALEOBIOLOGICO COMBINADO DEL REGISTRO FOSIL ESPAÑOL Y ARGENTINO EN EL CENOZOICO FINAL Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2020-116220GB-I00 EVALUACION DE LA SENSIBILIDAD AL CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL: ESTUDIO MULTIDISCIPLINAR USANDO EL REGISTRO MIOCENO DE GRANDES MAMIFEROS DE LAS CUENCAS CENTRALES IBERICAS Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2022-138275NB-I00 ANALISIS PALEOECOLOGICO Y PALEOCLIMATICO MULTIPROXY DEL REGISTRO FOSIL IBERICO Y SUDAMERICANO DURANTE EL CENOZOICO FINAL: UN ENFOQUE INTER-HEMISFERIO Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-151089NB-I00 EVOLUCION DE LOS MAMIFEROS DEL AREA MEDITERRANEA EN RELACION CON LOS CAMBIOS AMBIENTALES DEL MIOCENO Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027 PID2024-155134NB-I00 Exploring the links between ecological processes and evolutionary radiations of the New World Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027 PID2024-155435NB-I00 Bridging the adaptive and structural facets of ungulate skull evolution
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv	open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv	application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	reponame:Docta Complutense instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str	Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str	Docta Complutense
collection	Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling	Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patternsMenéndez González, IrisGómez Cano, Ana RosaCantalapiedra, Juan L.Blanco, FernandoGamboa Jurado-Centurión, SaraPelegrin Ramírez, Jonathan S.Galli, Anna EmiliaQuesada García, ÁlvaroÁlvarez Sierra, María De Los ÁngelesHernández Fernández, Manuel599.322.2"628"Biome specialisationDiversity patternsRecent speciation ratesResource-use hypothesisSciuridaeSquirrelsBiologíaEvoluciónMamíferosEcología (Biología)Zoología24 Ciencias de la Vida2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)2401.06 Ecología Animal2401.18 Mamíferos2401.23 VertebradosAim: Habitat breadth shapes species' responses to environmental change and influences large- scale biodiversity patterns. According to Vrba's resource-use hypothesis, biome specialists (inhabiting a single biome) exhibit higher speciation rates than generalists due to increased population isolation during habitat fragmentation, generally associated with past climate changes, particularly in biomes at extremes of the global climatic gradient. However, the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of biome specialists remains poorly understood. Here, we use squirrels to assess whether: (1) clades accumulate more specialist species than expected by chance, (2) this accumulation is associated with biomes at the extremes of the climatic gradient (tropical rainforest, subtropical desert, steppe and tundra), (3) habitat specialisation relates to geographic patterns of phylogenetic diversity and (4) species- level recent speciation rates. Location: Global. Taxon: Squirrels (Sciuridae, Rodentia). Methods: We compared observed biome specialisation indices (BSI) of species to MCMC-generated null distributions. We then mapped global patterns of specialist and generalist richness, phylogenetic diversity and recent species- level speciation rates. Results: Squirrels include more biome specialists than expected under a null model that randomises biome occupancy, supporting the resource-use hypothesis. Tropical rainforests and steppes harboured more specialists than expected, whereas deserts and tundra did not, the latter likely due to their low species richness. Regions with high specialist richness (e.g., Southeast Asia) exhibited lower levels of phylogenetic diversity, consistent with Miocene speciation. In contrast, high recent speciation occurred in Holarctic steppes and South America, likely reflecting Pleistocene glacial radiations and post- Panamanian colonisation, respectively. Main Conclusions: During periods of climatic change, the origin of new specialist lineages through rapid speciation led to specialist-dominated and phylogenetically clustered faunas, particularly in fragmented biomes. However, recent speciation rates reflect emerging rather than historical diversification hotspots. The Sunda Shelf emerges as a key conservation priority due to its exceptional richness, low phylogenetic diversity and concentration of endemic specialists.John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Universidad Complutense de Madrid20262026-01-1320262026-01-13journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/131586reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PGC2018-094955-A-I00 COMPARACION MULTIDISCIPLINAR INTER-HEMISFERIO: ESTUDIO BIOGEOQUIMICO Y PALEOBIOLOGICO COMBINADO DEL REGISTRO FOSIL ESPAÑOL Y ARGENTINO EN EL CENOZOICO FINALAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2020-116220GB-I00 EVALUACION DE LA SENSIBILIDAD AL CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL: ESTUDIO MULTIDISCIPLINAR USANDO EL REGISTRO MIOCENO DE GRANDES MAMIFEROS DE LAS CUENCAS CENTRALES IBERICASAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2022-138275NB-I00 ANALISIS PALEOECOLOGICO Y PALEOCLIMATICO MULTIPROXY DEL REGISTRO FOSIL IBERICO Y SUDAMERICANO DURANTE EL CENOZOICO FINAL: UN ENFOQUE INTER-HEMISFERIOAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-151089NB-I00 EVOLUCION DE LOS MAMIFEROS DEL AREA MEDITERRANEA EN RELACION CON LOS CAMBIOS AMBIENTALES DEL MIOCENOAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027 PID2024-155134NB-I00 Exploring the links between ecological processes and evolutionary radiations of the New WorldAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2024-2027 PID2024-155435NB-I00 Bridging the adaptive and structural facets of ungulate skull evolutionopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1315862026-06-02T12:44:21Z
score	15,811543

Biome specialisation in squirrels: phylogenetic and geographic patterns

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