Deciphering Pathways for Carotenogenesis in Haloarchaea

Bacterioruberin and its derivatives have been described as the major carotenoids produced by haloarchaea (halophilic microbes belonging to the Archaea domain). Recently, different works have revealed that some haloarchaea synthetize other carotenoids at very low concentrations, like lycopene, lycope...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Giani, M, Miralles-Robledillo, JM, Peiro, G, Pire, C, Martinez-Espinosa, RM
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL)
Repositorio:r-ISABIAL. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante
OAI Identifier:oai:isabial.fundanetsuite.com:p5968
Acceso en línea:https://isabial.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones5968
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:carotenogenesis
bacterioruberin
natural pigments
haloarchaea
carotenoids
antioxidant
Descripción
Sumario:Bacterioruberin and its derivatives have been described as the major carotenoids produced by haloarchaea (halophilic microbes belonging to the Archaea domain). Recently, different works have revealed that some haloarchaea synthetize other carotenoids at very low concentrations, like lycopene, lycopersene, cis- and trans-phytoene, cis- and trans-phytofluene, neo-beta -carotene, and neo-alpha -carotene. However, there is still controversy about the nature of the pathways for carotenogenesis in haloarchaea. During the last decade, the number of haloarchaeal genomes fully sequenced and assembled has increased significantly. Although some of these genomes are not fully annotated, and many others are drafts, this information provides a new approach to exploring the capability of haloarchaea to produce carotenoids. This work conducts a deeply bioinformatic analysis to establish a hypothetical metabolic map connecting all the potential pathways involved in carotenogenesis in haloarchaea. Special interest has been focused on the synthesis of bacterioruberin in members of the Haloferax genus. The main finding is that in almost all the genus analyzed, a functioning alternative mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway provides isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) in haloarchaea. Then, the main branch to synthesized carotenoids proceeds up to lycopene from which beta -carotene or bacterioruberin (and its precursors: monoanhydrobacterioriberin, bisanhydrobacterioruberin, dihydrobisanhydrobacteriuberin, isopentenyldehydrorhodopsin, and dihydroisopenthenyldehydrorhodopsin) can be made.