Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past
The human exploitation of marine resources is characterised by the preferential removal of the largest species. Although this is expected to modify the structure of food webs, we have a relatively poor understanding of the potential consequences of such alteration. Here, we take advantage of a colle...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2014 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| Repositorio: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:recercat.cat:2445/59263 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/59263 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Biologia marina Ecosistemes Peixos marins Holocè Marine biology Biotic communities Marine fishes |
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Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the pastSaporiti, FabianaBearhop, StuartSilva, L.Vales, Damián G.Zenteno Devaud, LisetteCrespo, Enrique A.Aguilar, ÀlexCardona Pascual, LuisBiologia marinaEcosistemesPeixos marinsHolocèMarine biologyBiotic communitiesMarine fishesThe human exploitation of marine resources is characterised by the preferential removal of the largest species. Although this is expected to modify the structure of food webs, we have a relatively poor understanding of the potential consequences of such alteration. Here, we take advantage of a collection of ancient consumer tissues, using stable isotope analysis and SIBER to assess changes in the structure of coastal marine food webs in the South-western Atlantic through the second half of the Holocene as a result of the sequential exploitation of marine resources by hunter-gatherers, western sealers and modern fishermen. Samples were collected from shell middens and museums. Shells of both modern and archaeological intertidal herbivorous molluscs were used to reconstruct changes in the stable isotopic baseline, while modern and archaeological bones of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens, South American fur seal Arctocephalus australis and Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus were used to analyse changes in the structure of the community of top predators. We found that ancient food webs were shorter, more redundant and more overlapping than current ones, both in northern-central Patagonia and southern Patagonia. These surprising results may be best explained by the huge impact of western sealing on pinnipeds during the fur trade period, rather than the impact of fishing on fish populations. As a consequence, the populations of pinnipeds at the end of the sealing period were likely well below the ecosystem's carrying capacity, which resulted in a release of intraspecific competition and a shift towards larger and higher trophic level prey. This in turn led to longer and less overlapping food webs.Public Library of Science (PLoS)2014201420142014info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion13 p.application/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/59263Articles publicats en revistes (Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103132PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9, num. 7http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103132cc-by (c) Saporiti, F. et al., 2014http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/esinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/592632026-05-29T05:05:01Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| title |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| spellingShingle |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past Saporiti, Fabiana Biologia marina Ecosistemes Peixos marins Holocè Marine biology Biotic communities Marine fishes |
| title_short |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| title_full |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| title_fullStr |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| title_sort |
Longer and less overlapping food webs in anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems: confirmations from the past |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Saporiti, Fabiana Bearhop, Stuart Silva, L. Vales, Damián G. Zenteno Devaud, Lisette Crespo, Enrique A. Aguilar, Àlex Cardona Pascual, Luis |
| author |
Saporiti, Fabiana |
| author_facet |
Saporiti, Fabiana Bearhop, Stuart Silva, L. Vales, Damián G. Zenteno Devaud, Lisette Crespo, Enrique A. Aguilar, Àlex Cardona Pascual, Luis |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Bearhop, Stuart Silva, L. Vales, Damián G. Zenteno Devaud, Lisette Crespo, Enrique A. Aguilar, Àlex Cardona Pascual, Luis |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Biologia marina Ecosistemes Peixos marins Holocè Marine biology Biotic communities Marine fishes |
| topic |
Biologia marina Ecosistemes Peixos marins Holocè Marine biology Biotic communities Marine fishes |
| description |
The human exploitation of marine resources is characterised by the preferential removal of the largest species. Although this is expected to modify the structure of food webs, we have a relatively poor understanding of the potential consequences of such alteration. Here, we take advantage of a collection of ancient consumer tissues, using stable isotope analysis and SIBER to assess changes in the structure of coastal marine food webs in the South-western Atlantic through the second half of the Holocene as a result of the sequential exploitation of marine resources by hunter-gatherers, western sealers and modern fishermen. Samples were collected from shell middens and museums. Shells of both modern and archaeological intertidal herbivorous molluscs were used to reconstruct changes in the stable isotopic baseline, while modern and archaeological bones of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens, South American fur seal Arctocephalus australis and Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus were used to analyse changes in the structure of the community of top predators. We found that ancient food webs were shorter, more redundant and more overlapping than current ones, both in northern-central Patagonia and southern Patagonia. These surprising results may be best explained by the huge impact of western sealing on pinnipeds during the fur trade period, rather than the impact of fishing on fish populations. As a consequence, the populations of pinnipeds at the end of the sealing period were likely well below the ecosystem's carrying capacity, which resulted in a release of intraspecific competition and a shift towards larger and higher trophic level prey. This in turn led to longer and less overlapping food webs. |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014 2014 2014 2014 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
article |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/59263 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/59263 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Reproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103132 PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9, num. 7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103132 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
cc-by (c) Saporiti, F. et al., 2014 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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cc-by (c) Saporiti, F. et al., 2014 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es |
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openAccess |
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13 p. application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Articles publicats en revistes (Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals) reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
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Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
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