The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods

Context. A multitude of spectral activity indicators are routinely computed nowadays from the spectra generated as part of planet-hunting radial velocity surveys. Searching for shared periods among them can help to robustly identify astrophysical quantities of interest, such as the stellar rotation...

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Autores: Kemmer, J., Lafarga, M., Fuhrmeister, B., Shan, Y., Schöfer, P., Jeffers, S. V., Caballero, J. A., Quirrenbach, A., Montes Gutiérrez, David, Reffert, S.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/122903
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122903
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:52-33
Techniques:radial velocities
Stars: activity
Stars: late-type
Stars: low-mass
Stars: rotation
Astrofísica
21 Astronomía y Astrofísica
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/122903
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repository_id_str
spelling The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periodsKemmer, J.Lafarga, M.Fuhrmeister, B.Shan, Y.Schöfer, P.Jeffers, S. V.Caballero, J. A.Quirrenbach, A.Montes Gutiérrez, DavidReffert, S.52-33Techniques:radial velocitiesStars: activityStars: late-typeStars: low-massStars: rotationAstrofísica21 Astronomía y AstrofísicaContext. A multitude of spectral activity indicators are routinely computed nowadays from the spectra generated as part of planet-hunting radial velocity surveys. Searching for shared periods among them can help to robustly identify astrophysical quantities of interest, such as the stellar rotation period. However, this identification can be complicated due to the fact that many different peaks occur in the periodograms. This is especially true in the presence of aliasing and spurious signals caused by environmental influences affecting the instrument. Aims. Our goal is to test a clustering algorithm to find signals with the same periodicity, (i.e. with the stellar rotation period) in the periodograms of a large number of activity indicators. On this basis, we have looked to evaluate the correlations between activity indicators and fundamental stellar parameters. Methods. We used generalised Lomb–Scargle periodograms to find periodic signals in 24 activity indicators, spanning the VIS and NIR channels of the CARMENES spectrograph. Common periods were subsequently determined by a machine learning algorithm for density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). Results. The clustering analysis of the signals apparent in the spectral activity indicators is a powerful tool for the detection of stellar rotation periods. It is straightforward to implement and can be easily automated, so that large data sets can be analysed. For a sample of 136 stars, we were able to recover the stellar rotation period in a total of 59 cases, including 3 with a previously unknown rotation period. In addition, we analysed spurious signals frequently occurring at the period of one year and its integer fractions, concluding that they are likely aliases of one underlying signal. Furthermore, we reproduced the results of several previous studies on the relationships between activity indicators and the stellar characteristics.EDP ScienceUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20252025-01-0120252025-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122903reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1229032026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
title The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
spellingShingle The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
Kemmer, J.
52-33
Techniques:radial velocities
Stars: activity
Stars: late-type
Stars: low-mass
Stars: rotation
Astrofísica
21 Astronomía y Astrofísica
title_short The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
title_full The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
title_fullStr The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
title_full_unstemmed The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
title_sort The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs : cluster analysis of signals from spectral activity indicators to search for shared periods
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Kemmer, J.
Lafarga, M.
Fuhrmeister, B.
Shan, Y.
Schöfer, P.
Jeffers, S. V.
Caballero, J. A.
Quirrenbach, A.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Reffert, S.
author Kemmer, J.
author_facet Kemmer, J.
Lafarga, M.
Fuhrmeister, B.
Shan, Y.
Schöfer, P.
Jeffers, S. V.
Caballero, J. A.
Quirrenbach, A.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Reffert, S.
author_role author
author2 Lafarga, M.
Fuhrmeister, B.
Shan, Y.
Schöfer, P.
Jeffers, S. V.
Caballero, J. A.
Quirrenbach, A.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Reffert, S.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 52-33
Techniques:radial velocities
Stars: activity
Stars: late-type
Stars: low-mass
Stars: rotation
Astrofísica
21 Astronomía y Astrofísica
topic 52-33
Techniques:radial velocities
Stars: activity
Stars: late-type
Stars: low-mass
Stars: rotation
Astrofísica
21 Astronomía y Astrofísica
description Context. A multitude of spectral activity indicators are routinely computed nowadays from the spectra generated as part of planet-hunting radial velocity surveys. Searching for shared periods among them can help to robustly identify astrophysical quantities of interest, such as the stellar rotation period. However, this identification can be complicated due to the fact that many different peaks occur in the periodograms. This is especially true in the presence of aliasing and spurious signals caused by environmental influences affecting the instrument. Aims. Our goal is to test a clustering algorithm to find signals with the same periodicity, (i.e. with the stellar rotation period) in the periodograms of a large number of activity indicators. On this basis, we have looked to evaluate the correlations between activity indicators and fundamental stellar parameters. Methods. We used generalised Lomb–Scargle periodograms to find periodic signals in 24 activity indicators, spanning the VIS and NIR channels of the CARMENES spectrograph. Common periods were subsequently determined by a machine learning algorithm for density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). Results. The clustering analysis of the signals apparent in the spectral activity indicators is a powerful tool for the detection of stellar rotation periods. It is straightforward to implement and can be easily automated, so that large data sets can be analysed. For a sample of 136 stars, we were able to recover the stellar rotation period in a total of 59 cases, including 3 with a previously unknown rotation period. In addition, we analysed spurious signals frequently occurring at the period of one year and its integer fractions, concluding that they are likely aliases of one underlying signal. Furthermore, we reproduced the results of several previous studies on the relationships between activity indicators and the stellar characteristics.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-01-01
2025
2025-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122903
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122903
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Science
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.811543

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