Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology

Trait-based ecology, a prominent research field identifying traits linked to the distribution and interactions of organisms and their impact on ecosystem functioning, has flourished in the last three decades. Yet, the field still grapples with critical challenges, broadly framed as Raunkiæran shortf...

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Autores: de Bello, Francesco, Fischer, Felícia M., Puy, Javier, Shipley, Bill, Verdú, Miguel, Götzenberger, Lars, Lavorel, Sandra, Moretti, Marco, Wright, Ian J., Berg, Matty P., Carmona, Carlos P., Cornelissen, Johannes H. C., Dias, André T. C., Gibb, Heloise, Lepš, Jan, Madin, Joshua S., Majeková, Maria, Pausas, J. G., Segrestin, Jules, Sobral, Mar, Zanne, Amy E., Garnier, Eric
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/399746
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399746
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105005869870
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Biodiversity
Ecosystem functioning
Functional groups
Functional traits
Growth form
Intraspecific trait variability
Life history
Phylogeny
Traits databases
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spelling Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecologyde Bello, FrancescoFischer, Felícia M.Puy, JavierShipley, BillVerdú, MiguelGötzenberger, LarsLavorel, SandraMoretti, MarcoWright, Ian J.Berg, Matty P.Carmona, Carlos P.Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.Dias, André T. C.Gibb, HeloiseLepš, JanMadin, Joshua S.Majeková, MariaPausas, J. G.Segrestin, JulesSobral, MarZanne, Amy E.Garnier, EricBiodiversityEcosystem functioningFunctional groupsFunctional traitsGrowth formIntraspecific trait variabilityLife historyPhylogenyTraits databasesTrait-based ecology, a prominent research field identifying traits linked to the distribution and interactions of organisms and their impact on ecosystem functioning, has flourished in the last three decades. Yet, the field still grapples with critical challenges, broadly framed as Raunkiæran shortfalls. Recognizing and interconnecting these limitations is vital for designing and prioritizing research objectives and mainstreaming trait-based approaches across a variety of organisms, trophic levels, and biomes. This strategic review scrutinizes eight major limitations within trait-based ecology, spanning scales from organisms to the entire biosphere. Challenges range from defining and measuring traits (SF 1), exploring intraspecific variability within and across individuals and populations (SF 2), understanding the complex relationships between trait variation and fitness (SF 3), and discerning trait variations with underlying evolutionary patterns (SF 4). This review extends to community assembly (SF 5), ecosystem functioning and multitrophic relationships (SFs 6 and 7), and global repositories and scaling (SF 8). At the core of trait-based ecology lies the ambition of scaling up processes from individuals to ecosystems by exploring the ecological strategies of organisms and connecting them to ecosystem functions across multiple trophic levels. Achieving this goal necessitates addressing key limitations embedded in the foundations of trait-based ecology. After identifying key SFs, we propose pathways for advancing trait-based ecology, fortifying its robustness, and unlocking its full potential to significantly contribute to ecological understanding and biodiversity conservation. This review underscores the significance of systematically evaluating the performance of organisms in standardized conditions, encompassing their responses to environmental variation and effects on ecosystems. This approach aims to bridge the gap between easily measurable traits, species ecological strategies, their demography, and their combined impacts on ecosystems.Peer reviewedWiley-VCHFischer, Felícia M. [0000-0002-2319-3648]Shipley, Bill [0000-0002-7026-3880]Verdú, Miguel [0000-0002-9778-7692]Moretti, Marco [0000-0002-5845-3198]Carmona, Carlos P. [0000-0001-6935-4913]Gibb, Heloise [0000-0001-7194-0620]Majeková, Maria [0000-0001-6892-5462]Pausas, Juli G. [0000-0003-3533-5786]Segrestin, Jules [0000-0001-7661-6061]Sobral, Mar [0000-0001-6995-0491]Garnier, Eric [0000-0002-9392-5154]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcPublisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/399746https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105005869870reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)InglésGötzenberger, Lars; 2025; Review process information [Dataset]; Figshare; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.28500689.v1https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.28500689Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3997462026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
title Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
spellingShingle Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
de Bello, Francesco
Biodiversity
Ecosystem functioning
Functional groups
Functional traits
Growth form
Intraspecific trait variability
Life history
Phylogeny
Traits databases
title_short Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
title_full Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
title_fullStr Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
title_full_unstemmed Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
title_sort Raunkiæran shortfalls: Challenges and perspectives in trait-based ecology
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv de Bello, Francesco
Fischer, Felícia M.
Puy, Javier
Shipley, Bill
Verdú, Miguel
Götzenberger, Lars
Lavorel, Sandra
Moretti, Marco
Wright, Ian J.
Berg, Matty P.
Carmona, Carlos P.
Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.
Dias, André T. C.
Gibb, Heloise
Lepš, Jan
Madin, Joshua S.
Majeková, Maria
Pausas, J. G.
Segrestin, Jules
Sobral, Mar
Zanne, Amy E.
Garnier, Eric
author de Bello, Francesco
author_facet de Bello, Francesco
Fischer, Felícia M.
Puy, Javier
Shipley, Bill
Verdú, Miguel
Götzenberger, Lars
Lavorel, Sandra
Moretti, Marco
Wright, Ian J.
Berg, Matty P.
Carmona, Carlos P.
Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.
Dias, André T. C.
Gibb, Heloise
Lepš, Jan
Madin, Joshua S.
Majeková, Maria
Pausas, J. G.
Segrestin, Jules
Sobral, Mar
Zanne, Amy E.
Garnier, Eric
author_role author
author2 Fischer, Felícia M.
Puy, Javier
Shipley, Bill
Verdú, Miguel
Götzenberger, Lars
Lavorel, Sandra
Moretti, Marco
Wright, Ian J.
Berg, Matty P.
Carmona, Carlos P.
Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.
Dias, André T. C.
Gibb, Heloise
Lepš, Jan
Madin, Joshua S.
Majeková, Maria
Pausas, J. G.
Segrestin, Jules
Sobral, Mar
Zanne, Amy E.
Garnier, Eric
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Fischer, Felícia M. [0000-0002-2319-3648]
Shipley, Bill [0000-0002-7026-3880]
Verdú, Miguel [0000-0002-9778-7692]
Moretti, Marco [0000-0002-5845-3198]
Carmona, Carlos P. [0000-0001-6935-4913]
Gibb, Heloise [0000-0001-7194-0620]
Majeková, Maria [0000-0001-6892-5462]
Pausas, Juli G. [0000-0003-3533-5786]
Segrestin, Jules [0000-0001-7661-6061]
Sobral, Mar [0000-0001-6995-0491]
Garnier, Eric [0000-0002-9392-5154]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biodiversity
Ecosystem functioning
Functional groups
Functional traits
Growth form
Intraspecific trait variability
Life history
Phylogeny
Traits databases
topic Biodiversity
Ecosystem functioning
Functional groups
Functional traits
Growth form
Intraspecific trait variability
Life history
Phylogeny
Traits databases
description Trait-based ecology, a prominent research field identifying traits linked to the distribution and interactions of organisms and their impact on ecosystem functioning, has flourished in the last three decades. Yet, the field still grapples with critical challenges, broadly framed as Raunkiæran shortfalls. Recognizing and interconnecting these limitations is vital for designing and prioritizing research objectives and mainstreaming trait-based approaches across a variety of organisms, trophic levels, and biomes. This strategic review scrutinizes eight major limitations within trait-based ecology, spanning scales from organisms to the entire biosphere. Challenges range from defining and measuring traits (SF 1), exploring intraspecific variability within and across individuals and populations (SF 2), understanding the complex relationships between trait variation and fitness (SF 3), and discerning trait variations with underlying evolutionary patterns (SF 4). This review extends to community assembly (SF 5), ecosystem functioning and multitrophic relationships (SFs 6 and 7), and global repositories and scaling (SF 8). At the core of trait-based ecology lies the ambition of scaling up processes from individuals to ecosystems by exploring the ecological strategies of organisms and connecting them to ecosystem functions across multiple trophic levels. Achieving this goal necessitates addressing key limitations embedded in the foundations of trait-based ecology. After identifying key SFs, we propose pathways for advancing trait-based ecology, fortifying its robustness, and unlocking its full potential to significantly contribute to ecological understanding and biodiversity conservation. This review underscores the significance of systematically evaluating the performance of organisms in standardized conditions, encompassing their responses to environmental variation and effects on ecosystems. This approach aims to bridge the gap between easily measurable traits, species ecological strategies, their demography, and their combined impacts on ecosystems.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bc
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399746
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105005869870
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/399746
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105005869870
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Götzenberger, Lars; 2025; Review process information [Dataset]; Figshare; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.28500689.v1
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.28500689
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley-VCH
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Wiley-VCH
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.81155

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