Reconstrucción 3D histórica y difusión digital del patrimonio arquitectónico en peligro: el caso del Monasterio de Nuestra Señora del Risco (Amavida, Ávila)

[EN] This study explores an innovative methodology to valorize and digitally disseminate endangered architectural heritage, focusing on the Monasterio de Nuestra Señora del Riscoin Amavida, Ávila, Spain.  The project aims to connect the historical reconstruction of the monastery at its period of max...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Jiménez Zazo, Sergio, Villanueva Llauradó, Paula, Sánchez-Aparicio, Luis Javier, Maté-González, Miguel Ángel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/231904
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/231904
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Photogrammetry
Virtual reality (VR)
Virtual reconstruction
3D model
360º image
Realidad virtual (RV)
Reconstrucción virtual
Modelo 3D
Imagen 360º
Fotogrametría
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] This study explores an innovative methodology to valorize and digitally disseminate endangered architectural heritage, focusing on the Monasterio de Nuestra Señora del Riscoin Amavida, Ávila, Spain.  The project aims to connect the historical reconstruction of the monastery at its period of maximum relevance, in the 18thcentury, with its current state. This approach uses images generated from a three-dimensional (3D) model and a 4D virtual tour. It integrates various aspects of the building, including architectural elements, site features, and potential functions. The virtual reconstruction meticulously represents decorative elements, furniture, and interior lighting to recreate the atmosphere of prayer, work, and communal life that characterized the monastic space.  The project focuses on an endangered architectonic asset, under the assumption that cultural heritage serves as a testament to human history and creativity, encapsulating the essence of past civilizations. However, contemporary challenges, such as historical structures frequently becoming abandoned, pose significant threats to this heritage. The Monasterio de Nuestra Señora del Risco, with its unique architectural and historical value, exemplifies these challenges. After a long period of abandonment, from 1835 onwards, its structure was severely damaged and the building was at risk of complete loss. This study aims to address these issues through a comprehensive digital reconstruction and dissemination strategy. The applied methodology involves several phases, including bibliographic review, fieldwork, plus the use of advanced digital techniques. The bibliographic review sourced information from various archives and historical documents; fieldwork included the documentation and analysis   of   the   remaining   architectural   elements, both   onsite   and   displaced   within   the   surrounding   villages. Photogrammetry and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology captured detailed images and generated a 3D model of the monastery.  Specific software (SketchUp and Lumion) created a detailed model of the monastery.  This model integrates data from photogrammetric surveys and historical records, ensuring accuracy and fidelity to the original structure. The 4D virtual tour allows users to explore the monastery in both its historical and current states; this provides a   comprehensive   understanding   of   its   evolution   over   time.   The   digital   reconstruction   reveals   the   monastery's architectural complexity and historical significance.  Key features include the unique building layout, influenced by the rugged terrain and the integration of the sacred cave into the monastic structure. To capture this, a detailed geometric survey was required; the reason is that there are differences in terms of spatial arrangement which are notable with respect to similar examples of heritage. Among these, San Jerónimo de Guisando and Aldeanueva de Santa Cruz, used as a reference for de