Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke

The term “stroke” is applied to a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by decreased perfusion of the brain due to occlusion of the blood vessels supplying the brain or a haemorrhage originating in them. Most strokes (~ 85%) are ischemic; that is, they result from occlusion of a major cerebral arte...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Rama Bretón, Ramón, García Rodríguez, Julio César
Tipo de documento: capítulo de livro
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2012
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositório:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/174404
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/174404
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Isquèmia cerebral
Malalties cerebrovasculars
Cerebral ischemia
Cerebrovascular disease
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spelling Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic StrokeRama Bretón, RamónGarcía Rodríguez, Julio CésarIsquèmia cerebralMalalties cerebrovascularsCerebral ischemiaCerebrovascular diseaseThe term “stroke” is applied to a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by decreased perfusion of the brain due to occlusion of the blood vessels supplying the brain or a haemorrhage originating in them. Most strokes (~ 85%) are ischemic; that is, they result from occlusion of a major cerebral artery by a thrombus or embolism. This results in reduced blood flow and a major decrease in the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the affected region. The rest of strokes are haemorrhagic: caused by the rupture of a blood vessel either in the brain or on its surface. Strokes deprive the brain not only of oxygen but also of glucose and of all other nutrients, as well as disrupting the nutrient/waste exchange process required to support brain metabolism. The result is the development of a hypoxic-ischemic state. Ischemia is defined as a decrease in blood flow to tissues that prevents adequate delivery of oxygen, glucose and others nutrients. Ischemic stroke is the result of total or partial interruption of cerebral arterial blood supply, which leads to oxygen and glucose deprivation of the tissue (ischemia). If cerebral arterial blood flow is not restored within a short period, cerebral ischemia is the usual result, with subsequent neuron death within the perfusion territory of the vessels affected. Ischemic stroke is characterized by a complex sequence of events that evolves over hours or even days [1-3]. Acute ischemic stroke results from acute occlusion of cerebral arteries. Cerebral ischemia occurs when blood flow to the brain decreases to a level where the metabolic needs of the tissue are not met. Cerebral ischemia may be either transient (followed by reperfusion) or essentially permanent. In all cases, a stroke involves dysfunction and death of brain neurons and neurological damage that reflects the location and size of the brain area affected.IntechOpen2012info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPartinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/174404Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia)reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglésReprodució del document publicat a: http://doi.org/10.5772/28300Chapter 2 in: García Rodríguez, J. C. 2012. Acute Ischemic Stroke. ISBN: 978-953-307-983-7. DOI: 10.5772/1438. pp. 30-58.http://doi.org/10.5772/28300cc by (c) Rama Bretón, Ramón et al., 2012http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/1744042026-05-27T06:46:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
title Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
spellingShingle Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Rama Bretón, Ramón
Isquèmia cerebral
Malalties cerebrovasculars
Cerebral ischemia
Cerebrovascular disease
title_short Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
title_full Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
title_fullStr Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
title_full_unstemmed Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
title_sort Excitotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Acute Ischemic Stroke
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Rama Bretón, Ramón
García Rodríguez, Julio César
author Rama Bretón, Ramón
author_facet Rama Bretón, Ramón
García Rodríguez, Julio César
author_role author
author2 García Rodríguez, Julio César
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Isquèmia cerebral
Malalties cerebrovasculars
Cerebral ischemia
Cerebrovascular disease
topic Isquèmia cerebral
Malalties cerebrovasculars
Cerebral ischemia
Cerebrovascular disease
description The term “stroke” is applied to a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by decreased perfusion of the brain due to occlusion of the blood vessels supplying the brain or a haemorrhage originating in them. Most strokes (~ 85%) are ischemic; that is, they result from occlusion of a major cerebral artery by a thrombus or embolism. This results in reduced blood flow and a major decrease in the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the affected region. The rest of strokes are haemorrhagic: caused by the rupture of a blood vessel either in the brain or on its surface. Strokes deprive the brain not only of oxygen but also of glucose and of all other nutrients, as well as disrupting the nutrient/waste exchange process required to support brain metabolism. The result is the development of a hypoxic-ischemic state. Ischemia is defined as a decrease in blood flow to tissues that prevents adequate delivery of oxygen, glucose and others nutrients. Ischemic stroke is the result of total or partial interruption of cerebral arterial blood supply, which leads to oxygen and glucose deprivation of the tissue (ischemia). If cerebral arterial blood flow is not restored within a short period, cerebral ischemia is the usual result, with subsequent neuron death within the perfusion territory of the vessels affected. Ischemic stroke is characterized by a complex sequence of events that evolves over hours or even days [1-3]. Acute ischemic stroke results from acute occlusion of cerebral arteries. Cerebral ischemia occurs when blood flow to the brain decreases to a level where the metabolic needs of the tissue are not met. Cerebral ischemia may be either transient (followed by reperfusion) or essentially permanent. In all cases, a stroke involves dysfunction and death of brain neurons and neurological damage that reflects the location and size of the brain area affected.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format bookPart
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/174404
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/174404
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reprodució del document publicat a: http://doi.org/10.5772/28300
Chapter 2 in: García Rodríguez, J. C. 2012. Acute Ischemic Stroke. ISBN: 978-953-307-983-7. DOI: 10.5772/1438. pp. 30-58.
http://doi.org/10.5772/28300
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc by (c) Rama Bretón, Ramón et al., 2012
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc by (c) Rama Bretón, Ramón et al., 2012
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IntechOpen
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IntechOpen
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia)
reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
instname:Universidad de Barcelona
instname_str Universidad de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de la UB
collection Dipòsit Digital de la UB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300719

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