Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV

Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark (t¯t) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 Te...

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Autores: Hayrapetyan, A., Bhowmik, Sandeep, Blanco Fernández, Sergio, Brochero Cifuentes, Javier Andrés|||0000-0003-2093-7856, Cabrillo Bartolomé, José Ibán, Calderón Tazón, Alicia|||0000-0002-7205-2040, Duarte Campderros, Jorge|||0000-0003-0687-5214, Fernández García, Marcos|||0000-0002-4824-1087, Gómez Gramuglio, Gervasio|||0000-0002-1077-6553, Lasaosa García, Clara, López Ruiz, Rubén, Martínez Rivero, Celso, Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Pablo|||0000-0002-7737-5121, Matorras Weinig, Francisco|||0000-0003-4295-5668, Matorras Cuevas, Pablo|||0000-0001-7481-7273, Navarrete Ramos, Efrén|||0000-0002-5180-4020, Piedra Gómez, Jonatan|||0000-0002-9157-1700, Scodellaro, Luca|||0000-0002-4974-8330, Vila Álvarez, Iván|||0000-0002-6797-7209, Vizán García, Jesús Manuel|||0000-0002-6823-8854
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
Repositorio:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/38733
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/10902/38733
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:CMS
Top quark
Entanglement
id ES_c0b5f9ff4d668a251b95c1bacace2d2a
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/38733
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
title Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
spellingShingle Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
Hayrapetyan, A.
CMS
Top quark
Entanglement
title_short Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
title_full Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
title_fullStr Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
title_full_unstemmed Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
title_sort Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeV
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Hayrapetyan, A.
Bhowmik, Sandeep
Blanco Fernández, Sergio
Brochero Cifuentes, Javier Andrés|||0000-0003-2093-7856
Cabrillo Bartolomé, José Ibán
Calderón Tazón, Alicia|||0000-0002-7205-2040
Duarte Campderros, Jorge|||0000-0003-0687-5214
Fernández García, Marcos|||0000-0002-4824-1087
Gómez Gramuglio, Gervasio|||0000-0002-1077-6553
Lasaosa García, Clara
López Ruiz, Rubén
Martínez Rivero, Celso
Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Pablo|||0000-0002-7737-5121
Matorras Weinig, Francisco|||0000-0003-4295-5668
Matorras Cuevas, Pablo|||0000-0001-7481-7273
Navarrete Ramos, Efrén|||0000-0002-5180-4020
Piedra Gómez, Jonatan|||0000-0002-9157-1700
Scodellaro, Luca|||0000-0002-4974-8330
Vila Álvarez, Iván|||0000-0002-6797-7209
Vizán García, Jesús Manuel|||0000-0002-6823-8854
author Hayrapetyan, A.
author_facet Hayrapetyan, A.
Bhowmik, Sandeep
Blanco Fernández, Sergio
Brochero Cifuentes, Javier Andrés|||0000-0003-2093-7856
Cabrillo Bartolomé, José Ibán
Calderón Tazón, Alicia|||0000-0002-7205-2040
Duarte Campderros, Jorge|||0000-0003-0687-5214
Fernández García, Marcos|||0000-0002-4824-1087
Gómez Gramuglio, Gervasio|||0000-0002-1077-6553
Lasaosa García, Clara
López Ruiz, Rubén
Martínez Rivero, Celso
Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Pablo|||0000-0002-7737-5121
Matorras Weinig, Francisco|||0000-0003-4295-5668
Matorras Cuevas, Pablo|||0000-0001-7481-7273
Navarrete Ramos, Efrén|||0000-0002-5180-4020
Piedra Gómez, Jonatan|||0000-0002-9157-1700
Scodellaro, Luca|||0000-0002-4974-8330
Vila Álvarez, Iván|||0000-0002-6797-7209
Vizán García, Jesús Manuel|||0000-0002-6823-8854
author_role author
author2 Bhowmik, Sandeep
Blanco Fernández, Sergio
Brochero Cifuentes, Javier Andrés|||0000-0003-2093-7856
Cabrillo Bartolomé, José Ibán
Calderón Tazón, Alicia|||0000-0002-7205-2040
Duarte Campderros, Jorge|||0000-0003-0687-5214
Fernández García, Marcos|||0000-0002-4824-1087
Gómez Gramuglio, Gervasio|||0000-0002-1077-6553
Lasaosa García, Clara
López Ruiz, Rubén
Martínez Rivero, Celso
Martínez Ruiz del Árbol, Pablo|||0000-0002-7737-5121
Matorras Weinig, Francisco|||0000-0003-4295-5668
Matorras Cuevas, Pablo|||0000-0001-7481-7273
Navarrete Ramos, Efrén|||0000-0002-5180-4020
Piedra Gómez, Jonatan|||0000-0002-9157-1700
Scodellaro, Luca|||0000-0002-4974-8330
Vila Álvarez, Iván|||0000-0002-6797-7209
Vizán García, Jesús Manuel|||0000-0002-6823-8854
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Cantabria
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv CMS
Top quark
Entanglement
topic CMS
Top quark
Entanglement
description Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark (t¯t) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb-1. The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An entanglement-sensitive observable D is derived from the top quark spin-dependent parts of the t¯t production density matrix and measured in the region of the t¯t production threshold. Values of D < -1/3 are evidence of entanglement and D is observed (expected) to be -0.480+0.026 -0.029 (-0.467+0.026-0.029) at the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical entanglement within t¯t pairs in this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-10-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10902/38733
url https://hdl.handle.net/10902/38733
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Physics Publishing
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Institute of Physics Publishing
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Reports on Progress in Physics, 2024, 87(11), 117801
reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
instname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
instname_str Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
reponame_str UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
collection UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabria
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869418500327473152
spelling Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at V¯s = 13 TeVHayrapetyan, A.Bhowmik, SandeepBlanco Fernández, SergioBrochero Cifuentes, Javier Andrés|||0000-0003-2093-7856 Cabrillo Bartolomé, José IbánCalderón Tazón, Alicia|||0000-0002-7205-2040Duarte Campderros, Jorge|||0000-0003-0687-5214Fernández García, Marcos|||0000-0002-4824-1087Gómez Gramuglio, Gervasio|||0000-0002-1077-6553Lasaosa García, ClaraLópez Ruiz, RubénMartínez Rivero, CelsoMartínez Ruiz del Árbol, Pablo|||0000-0002-7737-5121Matorras Weinig, Francisco|||0000-0003-4295-5668Matorras Cuevas, Pablo|||0000-0001-7481-7273Navarrete Ramos, Efrén|||0000-0002-5180-4020Piedra Gómez, Jonatan|||0000-0002-9157-1700Scodellaro, Luca|||0000-0002-4974-8330Vila Álvarez, Iván|||0000-0002-6797-7209Vizán García, Jesús Manuel|||0000-0002-6823-8854CMSTop quarkEntanglementEntanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark (t¯t) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb-1. The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An entanglement-sensitive observable D is derived from the top quark spin-dependent parts of the t¯t production density matrix and measured in the region of the t¯t production threshold. Values of D < -1/3 are evidence of entanglement and D is observed (expected) to be -0.480+0.026 -0.029 (-0.467+0.026-0.029) at the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical entanglement within t¯t pairs in this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the MarieCurie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, Contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, Project No. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation `a la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the ‘Excellence of Science—EOS’—be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC 2121 ‘Quantum Universe’—390833306, and under Project Number 400140256—GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program— UNKP, the NKFIH research Grants K 131991, K 133046, ´ K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021- NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC—National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR—Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, Project No. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundaç˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia, Grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF ‘a way of making Europe’, and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, Grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, Grant B37G660013 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, Contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Institute of Physics PublishingUniversidad de Cantabria20242024-10-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://hdl.handle.net/10902/38733Reports on Progress in Physics, 2024, 87(11), 117801reponame:UCrea Repositorio Abierto de la Universidad de Cantabriainstname:Universidad de Cantabria (UC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositorio.unican.es:10902/387332026-06-02T12:39:31Z
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