Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville

© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Tagua Navarrete, Miguel Ángel, Serrano Reyes, Javier, Vélez Godiño, José Antonio, Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco José
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/175173
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/175173
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137025
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:EU regulations
CO2 emissions
Battery electric buses
CNG buses
Energy consumption of urban buses
Fleet transition
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spelling Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in SevilleTagua Navarrete, Miguel ÁngelSerrano Reyes, JavierVélez Godiño, José AntonioJiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco JoséEU regulationsCO2 emissionsBattery electric busesCNG busesEnergy consumption of urban busesFleet transition© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).The EU public transport sector is dominated by diesel and natural gas buses, but fleet structures are rapidly changing. EU climate laws drive two strategies: one for bus manufacturers and another for public transport operators (PTO), with different timelines. PTOs must progressively replace fleets with clean and zero-emission buses. This paper develops bus replacement strategies aligned with EU standards, focusing on cost minimization and CO 2 emission reduction. Three propulsion technologies (diesel, compressed natural gas, and electric) and two bus types (regular and articulated) are analyzed. The strategies consider acquisition, operational, and service costs, along with CO 2 emissions. The proposed approach, applied over a 10-year period, uses real-word data from Seville (Spain) PTO to meet EU standards for 2025–2035. Operational data allow precise energy demand estimation, considering propulsion, climatization air compressor, and auxiliaries. CO 2 culations show that CNG buses emit 24 % more CO 2 emissions calper km than diesel buses. Optimization results indicate that a CO 2 minimization strategy reduces emissions by 16.3 %, with only a 6.7 % cost increase compared to the minimal-cost strategy.ElsevierIngeniería EnergéticaIngeniería de la Construcción y Proyectos de Ingeniería2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/175173https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137025reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésEnergy, 332, 137025https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225026672info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1751732026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
title Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
spellingShingle Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
Tagua Navarrete, Miguel Ángel
EU regulations
CO2 emissions
Battery electric buses
CNG buses
Energy consumption of urban buses
Fleet transition
title_short Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
title_full Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
title_fullStr Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
title_full_unstemmed Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
title_sort Clean and zero-emission urban buses: Compliance with EU regulations and fleet transition in Seville
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Tagua Navarrete, Miguel Ángel
Serrano Reyes, Javier
Vélez Godiño, José Antonio
Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco José
author Tagua Navarrete, Miguel Ángel
author_facet Tagua Navarrete, Miguel Ángel
Serrano Reyes, Javier
Vélez Godiño, José Antonio
Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco José
author_role author
author2 Serrano Reyes, Javier
Vélez Godiño, José Antonio
Jiménez-Espadafor Aguilar, Francisco José
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ingeniería Energética
Ingeniería de la Construcción y Proyectos de Ingeniería
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv EU regulations
CO2 emissions
Battery electric buses
CNG buses
Energy consumption of urban buses
Fleet transition
topic EU regulations
CO2 emissions
Battery electric buses
CNG buses
Energy consumption of urban buses
Fleet transition
description © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/175173
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137025
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/175173
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137025
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Energy, 332, 137025
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225026672
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812429

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