Clinical features of manual therapy interventions in people with tension-type headache: A scoping review

Background: Tension-type headache is the most prevalent primary headache, often managed with manual ther apy. However, intervention protocols vary widely, and the clinical rationale is often unclear. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the characteristics of manual therapy interventions appl...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Bravo Vázquez, Ana, Anarte Lazo, Ernesto, Gonzalez Álvarez, M. Elena, Rodríguez Blanco, Cleofás, Bernal Utrera, Carlos
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:idus________::c4c7853afe823e368f3cb06c52bfeb0e
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/186042
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2026.103526
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Tension-type headache
Manual therapy
Rehabilitation
Scoping review
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Tension-type headache is the most prevalent primary headache, often managed with manual ther apy. However, intervention protocols vary widely, and the clinical rationale is often unclear. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the characteristics of manual therapy interventions applied in randomized controlled trials for tension-type headache. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. The last search was performed on September 14, 2025. The protocol was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF registration: https://osf.io/w7xs5). Trials involving manual therapy for adults with tension- type headache were included. Data were extracted on intervention type, dosage, target structures, therapist background, and outcomes. Results: Thirty-three trials involving 1852 participants were included. Manual therapy techniques ranged from spinal manipulation and myofascial release to suboccipital inhibition and friction massage. Treatment dosage varied considerably in frequency and duration. Most studies targeted cervical or suboccipital structures, with few addressing temporomandibular or postural components. Considerable variability was also observed in outcome measures. Conclusion: The review highlights the diversity of manual therapy techniques, targeted structures, treatment dosages, and therapist backgrounds in the management of tension-type headache. The heterogeneity and limited mechanistic rationale in the included studies restrict interpretability. Future research should focus on mechanism-informed, individualized interventions with standardized reporting.