Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments

The primary objective of this paper is to develop a hybrid grey box model that integrates air and thermal dynamics to improve accuracy in both domains. The methodology involved developing four grey box models to estimate ventilation airflows using indoor CO2 concentration data and six thermal models...

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Autores: Tugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625, Macarulla Martí, Marcel|||0000-0002-5469-7291, Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595X
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/427490
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/427490
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115528
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Grey box modelling
IAQ
Thermal dynamics
Ventilation systems
Parameter identification
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Termodinàmica
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spelling Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environmentsTugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625Macarulla Martí, Marcel|||0000-0002-5469-7291Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595XGrey box modellingIAQThermal dynamicsVentilation systemsParameter identificationÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificisÀrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::TermodinàmicaThe primary objective of this paper is to develop a hybrid grey box model that integrates air and thermal dynamics to improve accuracy in both domains. The methodology involved developing four grey box models to estimate ventilation airflows using indoor CO2 concentration data and six thermal models to estimate thermal properties and heat gains using indoor temperature data. To ensure accurate parameterization, measurements of outdoor conditions, occupancy, and HVAC operations were incorporated. The results revealed that models treating infiltration and mechanical ventilation as mutually exclusive (IAQ-3 and IAQ-4) and those integrating ventilation heat gains from estimated airflows (T-6) performed most effectively. This hybrid approach underscores the benefits of incorporating ventilation heat loos or gains, based on airflow estimation derived from indoor air quality (IAQ) models, into thermal modelling, significantly improving accuracy and reducing parameter variability. The findings demonstrate the potential of this methodology for applications in ventilation management and HVAC optimization. By enhancing energy efficiency and improving indoor air quality, this approach supports the development of healthier, more sustainable indoor environments.This research was supported by a predoctoral contract grant (reference no. PRE2021-099606) as part of the research and development project IAQ4EDU (reference no. PID2020-117366RB-I00), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, and is part of the project BINAFET (reference no. TED2021-130047B-C22), funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR. Moreover, this study was supported by the Catalan agency AGAUR through its research group support programme (2021 SGR 00341).Elsevier20252025-05-0120252025-04-04journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/427490https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115528reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2020-117366RB-I00 ESTRATEGIAS DE VENTILACION OPTIMIZADAS CONSIDERANDO LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE INTERIOR, EL CONFORT TERMICO Y EL CONSUMO DE ENERGIA EN EDIFICIOS EDUCATIVOSopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/4274902026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
title Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
spellingShingle Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
Tugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625
Grey box modelling
IAQ
Thermal dynamics
Ventilation systems
Parameter identification
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Termodinàmica
title_short Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
title_full Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
title_fullStr Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
title_full_unstemmed Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
title_sort Hybrid grey box modelling of indoor air quality and thermal dynamics in indoor environments
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Tugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625
Macarulla Martí, Marcel|||0000-0002-5469-7291
Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595X
author Tugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625
author_facet Tugores Garcias, Juan|||0009-0002-8128-4625
Macarulla Martí, Marcel|||0000-0002-5469-7291
Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595X
author_role author
author2 Macarulla Martí, Marcel|||0000-0002-5469-7291
Gangolells Solanellas, Marta|||0000-0001-7921-595X
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Grey box modelling
IAQ
Thermal dynamics
Ventilation systems
Parameter identification
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Termodinàmica
topic Grey box modelling
IAQ
Thermal dynamics
Ventilation systems
Parameter identification
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Edificació::Instal·lacions i acondicionament d'edificis
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Termodinàmica
description The primary objective of this paper is to develop a hybrid grey box model that integrates air and thermal dynamics to improve accuracy in both domains. The methodology involved developing four grey box models to estimate ventilation airflows using indoor CO2 concentration data and six thermal models to estimate thermal properties and heat gains using indoor temperature data. To ensure accurate parameterization, measurements of outdoor conditions, occupancy, and HVAC operations were incorporated. The results revealed that models treating infiltration and mechanical ventilation as mutually exclusive (IAQ-3 and IAQ-4) and those integrating ventilation heat gains from estimated airflows (T-6) performed most effectively. This hybrid approach underscores the benefits of incorporating ventilation heat loos or gains, based on airflow estimation derived from indoor air quality (IAQ) models, into thermal modelling, significantly improving accuracy and reducing parameter variability. The findings demonstrate the potential of this methodology for applications in ventilation management and HVAC optimization. By enhancing energy efficiency and improving indoor air quality, this approach supports the development of healthier, more sustainable indoor environments.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-05-01
2025
2025-04-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/427490
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115528
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/427490
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115528
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 PID2020-117366RB-I00 ESTRATEGIAS DE VENTILACION OPTIMIZADAS CONSIDERANDO LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE INTERIOR, EL CONFORT TERMICO Y EL CONSUMO DE ENERGIA EN EDIFICIOS EDUCATIVOS
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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